64 



A cheaper and fully as effective dip of similar formula is the follow- 

 ing : Mix an infusion of 15 pounds tobacco with 1 kilogram (2J pounds) 

 carbolic acid and 5 kilograms (13^ pounds) wood tar, pour it into 250 

 pounds (66 gallons) w ater at 40° E. (125° Fah.), in which 3 pounds 

 soda has been dissolved. Use it at a temperature of 80° or 90° Fah., 

 and repeat in six or seven days. 



There are three arsenical dips favored by European authorities, the 

 last of which might be used while exercising proper care and precau- 

 tion. The solution should always be kept as dilute as the formula calls 

 for. The sheep should not be allowed to drain on the grass, but should 

 be kept up until nearly dry, and the laborers who dip should grease 

 their arms with linseed-oil before beginning work. 



Tessier's dip, the oldest, was proposed in 1810. To make a mixture 

 for one hundred sheep, take arsenious acid 3 pounds, sulphate of iron 

 20 pounds, and water 190 pounds ; boil. 



Tessier's dip causes a discoloration of the wool, which can be removed 

 by washing with soap, but it is on this account more or less objectiona- 

 ble, and to overcome this objection 016ment has modified it as follows: 

 Arsenious acid, 1 part; sulphate of zinc, 5 parts; water, 100 parts. 

 The water is put over the fire, the medicinal substances added, and it is 

 allowed to boil for eight or ten minutes. After the temperature has 

 fallen to the proper degree it is ready for use. The sheep is entirely 

 submerged in the liquid, with the exception of the head, the udder of 

 ewes suckling their young having been previously covered with some 

 fatty substance to prevent the action of the astringent on the skin and 

 on the secretion of milk. 



Matthews dip : Take arsenious acid 1 part, alum 10, and water 100 

 parts. 



Scheurle and Kehm's dip : Take arsenic 1 part, alum 12, and water 

 200 parts. This latter is weaker than the former, and therefore safer. 

 Moreover, it is claimed to be as effective. 



The sheep dips that are put upon the market are objectionable for three 

 reasons: First, their formulas are not given; second, the preparation 

 may be valueless, or if not valueless of insufficient strength ; and third, 

 the preparation may cost more than it is actually worth. Should the 

 dip be put up by reliable houses, and have their formulas printed on 

 the outside of the package, the prepared article might prove better 

 compounded and absolutely cheaper than the flockmaster could pre- 

 pare it. 



Police sanitation. — It is not sufficient that the flockmaster thoroughly 

 cures his flock, disinfects his sheds and quarantines his place. Another 

 duty awaits him, and that is a public one. All flock-owners should 

 unite and assist the State in improving and carrying out its sanitary 

 laws. Nearly all States have laws regarding the suppressing and 

 quarantining of sheep infected with scab, but they seem to lack in 

 stringency and are therefore inadequate. Laws compelling strict quar- 



