Caprification 
carnous 
Caprifica’tion, Caprifica’tio (Lat.), (1) 
the fertilization of the fig by 
insects, branches of the wild fig 
being placed among the cultivated 
kind; the subsequent fertilization 
is attributed to the punctures of an 
hymenopterous insect ; (2) fecunda- 
tion by artificial means ; Caprifi’cus 
(Lat.), the wild or ‘‘male” fig, the 
uncultivated form. 
Capsell’a (xdya, a box), Link’s term 
for ACHENE. 
Cap’sicin, an acrid alkaloid principle 
found in some species of Capsicum. 
Capsoma’nia (xdwa, a box, mania, mad- 
ness), @ multiplication of pistils. 
Capsule, Cap’sula, (1)a dry, dehiscent 
seed-vessel ; (2) the theca of Mosses ; 
(3) { the perithecium or receptacle 
of Fungi; cap’sular, capsula’ris, 
possessing a fruit of the kind just 
mentioned ; cap’sulate, enclosed in 
a capsule ; capsulife’rous, -rus, 
(Jero, I bear), bearing capsules. 
Cap’ut (Lat. the head), the peridium 
of some Fungi ;~ Florum ¢ =Carit- 
ULUM ;_~Radi’cis, the crown of the 
root ; the obsolete stem or bud of 
herbaceous plants. 
Carbohy’drates (Carbon + Hydrate), 
non-volatile solids, as arabic acid, 
cellulose, dextrin, starch, sugar ; the 
non-saccharine members may be 
turned into sugars by boiling in 
dilute acids, usually into glucose 
(dextrose). 
Car’bon Diox’ide=CO:2 ; carbona’ceous 
(+aceous), consisting chiefly of sub- 
stances in which carbon predo- 
minates ; carb’onised, turned into 
nearly pure carbon by slow com- 
bustion, as charcoal. 
Car'cerule, Carceru'lus (carcer, prison), 
Desvaux’s name for a dry, indehis- 
cent, many-celled, superior fruit, 
such as that of the lime-tree; (2) 
it has also been employed for the 
sporangia of some Fungi ; carcerw’- 
lar, carcerwa’ris, having a carcerule 
fruit. 
Carcino’des (kapxiwwdys, cancerous dis- 
ease) and Carcino’ma (kapxlywyua, 
cancerous ulcer), have been used 
43 
to denote Canker and kindred 
diseases. 
Carcith’ium + or Carcyth’ium + (xap- 
xwodc8a, to become entangled, 
as roots), Necker’s word for My- 
CELIUM ; Carcy’tes, + = MYcELIuM. 
Carene (Fr. Caréne)=Carina, keel ; 
has been used for the keel or midrib 
in the leaves of grasses. 
Caricog’raphy (Carex, Caricis, ypagy, 
writing), a treatise on Cyperaceae, 
sedges, from the genus Carex, the 
largest in the order; Caricol'ogist 
(Aéyos, discourse), a writer on sedges. 
Ca‘ries (Lat. rottenness), putridity, 
decay. 
Cari’na (Lat. keel); (1) the two an- 
terior petals of a papilionaceous 
flower, or similar organ; (2) the 
keel of the glume of grasses; (3) 
the principal nerve of a sepal; 
cari‘nal, relating to the keel in 
aestivation when the carina includes 
the other parts of the flower ;~ 
Canal, in Lguisetwm, a water canal 
on the inner side of the xylem, op- 
posite a ridge on the surface of the 
stem; carina’lis, that side of the 
fruit of Umbelliferae which repre- 
sents the carina, or principal nerve 
of the adherent calyx; car’inate, 
carina‘tus, keeled ; carina’to-pli- 
ca‘tus, plaited so that each fold re- 
sembles a keel, as the peristome of 
some Mosses. 
Cariop’side, Cariop’sis (kdpvov, a nut, 
byxs, resemblance), a one-celled, one- 
seeded, superior fruit, with peri- 
carp united to the seed ; the fruit of 
cereals ; cariopsid’eus, having a cari- 
opsisasfruit, alsospelled CaRyorsis. 
carious, cario’sus, (Lat.) rotten, de- 
cayed. 
Carmine, the purest red pigment 
obtainable, without admixture of 
blue or yellow. 
carna‘tion (carneus, of flesh), flesh- 
coloured. [Wheat-ear Carnation is 
a monstrous state of that flower 
with multiplied bracts.] 
carn’eous, carn’eus (Lat. of flesh), 
flesh-coloured ; Carno’sitas (Lat.) 
fleshiness ; carn’ose, carn’ous, car- 
