foliiform 
Formation 
ing on leaves, as some Fungi and 
Lichens;  fo’liiform, foliiform’is 
(forma, shape) = foliaceous ; folil- 
p’arous, -rus (pario, I bring forth), 
bearing leaves. 
Fo'liole (dim. of folium), a leaflet, the 
secondary division of a compound 
leaf; fo’liolate, foliola’tus, clothed 
with leaflets ; bi-, tri-fo’liolate, two- 
three-leafietted; folio’lean, foleo- 
la’nus, growing from the end of a 
leaf; fo'liolose, closely covered 
with leaflets; FPo’liolum, a small 
leaf or leaflet; fo'liose, folio’sus, 
closely clothed with leaves; fo'lious, 
having leaves intermixed with 
flowers; Fo’lium (Lat.), a leaf, pl. 
Fo‘lia. 
Follice’tum (folliculum, a small bag), 
a whorl of follicles; Fol’licle, 
Follic'ulus, (1) a fruit of one carpel, 
opening by a ventral suture to 
which the seeds are attached, 
formerly applied to any capsular 
fruit ; (2) by Linnaeus used for the 
bladder of Utricularia ; follic’ular, 
Jfollicula’ris, folliculiform’is (forma, 
shape), shaped like a follicle, 
fonta’nus, fontina’lis (Lat., relating 
to a spring), growing in or near a 
spring of water. 
Food-bodies, small pear-shaped bodies 
formed on or near the leaves of 
certain plants, as Acacia spadici- 
Jera, Cham. & Schlecht, and Leea 
aequata, Linn., which are utilised 
by ants as food ; Germ. ‘‘ Ameisen- 
brédchen.” 
Foot, (1) as a measure, 12 inches, or 
30.5 cm., sign ’; (2) = Popium; 
(3) a development from the hypo- 
basal part of the embryo, as an 
‘organ of attachment and temporary 
nutrition; (4) in Myxogastres, 
the first development from the 
lasmodium which leads to the 
ormation of spores, a cell-wall of 
cellulose, forming an axis (Van 
Tieghem); ~ Cell, the spore of 
Guttulina rosea, Cienk., arising 
from a naked cell of protoplasm, 
from the aggregated plasmodium ; 
~ Em’bryo, an arrested terminal 
104 
growth of the embryo of Cutleria, 
thus differing from the proto- 
nematoid embryo of the same 
species; ~ Rot, a disease on 
species of Citrus caused by Fus- 
arium Inimonis, Briosi; ~ Stalk, 
w stem specialised as peduncle, 
petiole, etc. 
Fora’men (Lat., a hole), an aperture, 
especially that in the outer inte- 
gumentsof the ovule,cf MICROPYLE; 
foram’inose, foramino’sus, per- 
forated by holes; Foramin’ula, 
‘*the ostiolum of certain Fingals” 
(Lindley); foramin’ulose, marked 
with little holes. 
Force, any cause which changes the 
state of a body as to rest or motion; 
vital force is kinetic energy. 
Forcing, the operation by which 
cultivators produce fruit and 
vegetables out of season, early or 
late. 
for’cipate, foricipa’tus (forceps, nip- 
pers), forked like pincers. 
forfica’tus ( forfex, scissors), scissor- 
like, resembling shears. 
forked, separating into two divisions, 
more or less apart. 
Form (for’ma, shape), a slight 
variety, or variation, as long and 
short-styled Forms ; ~ Gen’us, a 
genus made up of an assemblage 
of ~ Spe’cies, an apparent species 
which is really a single stage of 
the life-cycle of a pleomorphous 
species ; ~ Spore, a body simulat- 
ing a spore, but without germina- 
ting: power, or remaining attached 
to its sporophore; For’mae oxy- 
da’tae, crustaceous Lichens which 
have become rust-coloured from 
an infiltration of some salt of 
iron. 
Forma’tion ( formatio, a shaping), in 
botany, applied to an assemblage 
of plants of similar habits and en- 
vironment, as a forest is a ~ of 
trees, turf a ~ of grasses ; an asso- 
ciation, in Germ. ‘‘ Pllanzenverein”; 
form’ative, giving form, plastic ; 
~ Mate’rials, applied to such as 
starch, sugar, fats, and albumi- 
