fructiparous 
fundamental] 
any sporogenous structure or an 
aggregate of them. 
fructip’arous (fructus, fruit, pario, 
I bring forth); Fruc’tose, fruit- 
sugar, or levulose; it exists with 
other sugars in fruits, honey, and 
treacle ; Fruc’tus (Lat.), fruit, the 
product resulting from fertilization. 
frugiferous (fruges, pl. of frux, fruits 
of the earth, fero, I bear), pro- 
ducing fruits or crops. 
Fruit, (1) strictly, the pericarp and its 
seeds, the fertilized and developed 
ovary; (2) widely, the matured 
pericarp and its contents, with any 
external part which is an integral 
portion of it; ~ Dots, the sori of 
Ferns; ~ Galls, diseased growth 
caused by Ustilago Treubii, Solms ; 
~ Stalk, (1) peduncle ; (2) the seta 
of Mosses ; ~ Su’gar, = levulose ; 
~ Walls, (or ~ Coats) = pericarp ; 
Spurious ~ = PsEUDOCARP. 
frumenta’ceous, frumenta’ceus (Lat., 
of corn); frumenta‘rious, /rumen- 
ta’rius (Lat.), (1) pertaining to 
grain; (2) producing sufficient 
starch to warrant culture; Fru- 
men’tum (Lat., grain), produce of 
corn-lands ; grain or cereals. 
frustra’neous (frustra, useless), relat- 
ing to the Linnean order Frustra- 
nea, Compositae with the disk 
flowers hermaphrodite, and those 
of the ray neuter or imperfect. 
Frus'tule, Frus'tula (frustulum, a 
small piece), a Diatom cell, consist- 
ing of valves, girdle and con- 
tents; Frus‘tilla, an obsolete 
synonym ; frus’tulose, consisting of 
small fragments. 
Fru'tex (Lat.), a shrub, a woody 
plant destitute of a trunk; frut- 
escent, frutes'cens, becoming 
shrubby ;_ fru’ticant, fru’ticans, 
growing into a shrub-like plant ; 
fru'ticose, frutico'sus, fru'ticous, 
shrubby; ~ Thal’lus, a Lichen 
having a shrub-like thallus ; fruti- 
ce/ulose, somewhat shrubby ; Fruti- 
e’ulus (Lat)., a small shrub. 
Fru’tose = Frucrossz, Fruit-sugar. 
fu'coid (fu'cus, from Pixos, seaweed, 
eldos, like),fucoi’dal, resembling sea- 
weed ; Fu’cosan, Hanstein’s name 
for a granular substance found in 
the assimilating tissue of Fucoi- 
deae, the Phaeophyceae-starch of 
Schmitz; Fu’cose, is probably a 
partial inversion of it; Fuco- 
xan'thine (fav@cs, yellow), Sorby’s 
name for the colouring matter of 
the olive-green seaweeds. 
fuga’cious (fugax, fleeting), soon 
perishing. rr 
ful'ciens (fulcio, I support), support- 
ing, used of an organ above another. 
Ful’cra (pl. of fulcrum, a prop), the 
appendages of the leaves, as 
prickles, tendrils, stipules, etc.; 
fulcra’ceus, t of or belonging to the 
fulera ; ful’crate, fulcra’‘tus, having 
fulcra. 
fuligin’eus (Lat., sooty), fulig’inous, 
fulig’inose, fuligino’sus, sooty, or 
soot-coloured. 
fulmin’eus (fulmen, lightning), ful- 
vous, almost brown; used of a 
species of Cortinarius by Fries. 
full, used of a double-flower, the 
stamens and pistils being trans- 
formed into petals. 
fulvel’lus, fulves’cens, ful’vidus (Lat)., 
ful’vid (Crozier), the diminutive of 
the next; ful’vous, ful’vus (Lat)., 
yellow, tawny. 
fu’meus (Lat., full of smoke), smoky, 
or smoke-coloured ; fu’midus (Lat. ), 
slightly smoke-coloured; fumi- 
ga’tus (Lat.), as though smoked, 
fumed ; fu’mose, fumo’sus, fu'mous, 
smoke-grey. 
funa’lis (Lat., of a rope) = FUNILI- 
FORM. 
fuma’rioid, like the genus Fumaria. 
Fune’tion (/unctio, performance), the 
peculiar action caused by certain 
stimuli; fune’tional Metab’olism, 
the kinetic effects of certain chemi- 
cal changes in the plant. 
fundamen’tal (fundamentum, ground- 
work), basic; ~ Cells, parenchyma; 
~ Or’gans, the nutritive organs es- 
sential to plant existence ; ~Spi’ral 
= genetic spiral ; ~ Sys’tem = cell- 
ular system ; ~ Tis’sue, tissue not 
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