Line 
ligneous 
place in which the plant grows 
(Wiesner). 
lig’neous, lig’nous, lig'neus (Lat.), 
woody. 
lignic/’olor (lignum, wood, color, 
colour), tawny, the colour of 
freshly cut wood; _lignic’olous 
(colo, to inhabit), applied to plants 
which live on timber ; lignif’erous 
(fero, I bear), used of branches 
which form wood only, but no 
flowers; Lignifica’tion (facio, I 
make), the hardening or thicken- 
ing of the cell-wall by secondary 
deposits ; lig’nified, converted into 
wood ;lig’niform (forma, shape), like 
wood ; lig’nify, to turn into wood; 
Lig’nin or Lig’nine, an incrusting or 
impregnating substance on the cell- 
wall, producing woody tissue ; it is 
insoluble in water or ether, soluble 
in alcohol and alkalis, and is the 
remainder after the cellulose has 
been removed by chemical means ; 
Ligni’reose (deriv.?), Payen’s term 
for a constituent of Lignin, only 
slightly soluble in water ; Lig’nite, 
a fossil or semi-fossil woody sub- 
stance; jet is an example; Lig- 
nocel‘lulose (+ Cellulose), see 
CELLULOSE ; Lig’none, a substance 
which differs from Lignin by being 
insoluble in water, alcohol and 
ether, but soluble in ammonia, 
potash, soda (Payen); Lig’nose, a 
constituent of Lignin, but soluble 
only in potash and soda solutions 
(Payen) ; lig’nose, digno’sus, woody, 
ligneous; Lig’num, wood, that 
within the cortex, including both 
alburnum and duramen. 
Lig’ule, Lig’ula (Lat., a little tongue); 
(1) a strap-shaped body, such as 
the limb of the ray florets in Com- 
positae; (2) a lobe of the outer 
corona in Stapelia (N. E. Brown); 
(3) the thin, scarious projection 
from the top of the leaf sheath in 
grasses; (4) a narrow membranous, 
acuminate structure, internal to 
the leaf-base in Isoétes and Selagin- 
ella; (5) an appendage to certain 
petals, as those of Silene and Cuscuta 
(A. Gray); lig’ular, Russow’s term 
for that leaf-face of Selaginella 
which is turned towards the ligule; 
cf. ALIGULAR; lig’ulate, ligula’tus, 
furnished with a Ligule; ligu’liform, 
liguliform'is (forma, shape), strap- 
shaped ; ligulifior’ate, ligulifior’ous, 
-rus (flos, floris, w flower), having 
ligulate florets, as Hzeracewm. 
lilac, pale warm purple, the colour 
of the flower of Syringa vulgaris, 
Linn. ; Li’lacine, a bitter principle 
from the bark of the same plant; 
lila’ceus, lilaci’nous, -nus, lilac in 
colour. 
lilia’ceous, -ceus (lilium, a lily + 
aceous), lily-like. 
limaciform’is (imax, limacis, a slug, 
Jorma, shape), applied by Koerber 
to those Lichen spores which are 
slug-shaped. 
Limb, /imb’us (Lat., a border or hem) ; 
(1) the border or expanded part of 
a gamopetalous corolla, as distinct 
from the tube or throat; (2) the 
lamina of a leaf or of a petal; 
lim’bate, dimba’tus, bordered, as 
with another colour. 
Lime, used for calcium carbonate in 
plants; ~Gran’ules, lime-knots in 
Myxogastres, concretions occur- 
ring in the capillitium ; ~ Scales, 
the chalk - glands which excrete 
lime, as with certain Saxifrages, 
Li'mes (Lat. ,a cross-path or boundary) 
commu’nis t the collum or neck of 
a plant; lim‘itary, placed at the 
limit, as a guard; lim‘iting Cell = 
HETEROCYST. 
limnet’‘ic (Aluvy, a pool), applied to 
plants which and in pools or their 
neighbourhood. 
limo’nius (Mod. Lat.), lemon-like, as 
to colour ; citrinus. 
Line, Li’nea (Lat., a line or thread), 
as a measure of length, the twelfth 
art of an inch, in millemetres, 
2°1167; the Paris line is mm. 
2°325; Li’nea transversa'lis, the 
ostiolum of some Fungi; Lines of 
Growth, the limits of each year’s 
growth in woody stems; ~ of 
Vegeta’tion, for any given species, 
147 
