binnate 
Social 
perpendicularly downward into 
the wood of the host. 
sin’uate, sinwa’tus (Lat., curved), with 
a deep wavy margin; sin’uated, 
deeply waved ;_ sin’uolate, 
sinuola'tus, repand, faintly or 
minutely sinuate; sin’uose, sin’- 
uous, sinuate, 
Sin’us (Lat., a curve, a fold), (1) a 
recess or re-entering angle ; (2) a 
pore in some Fungi (Lindley). 
8i'phon (cidwy, a tube), a pericentral 
elongated tube in the frond of 
Polysiphonia and allied Algae; 
sipho’neous, relating to Algae 
possessing tubular structure ; 
Siphoniphy’ton (fury, a plant), a 
Composite with all its florets 
tubular; Sipho’nogam  (ydpos, 
marriage), plants fertilized by 
means of pollen-tubes, all Phanero- 
gams; adj. siphonogam’‘ic, sipho- 
nog’amous, the condition being 
Siphonog’amy ;siphonoste'lic(cr7An, 
a column), having a tubular stele 
(Jeffrey). 
Sis’ter-cells, cells of the same genera- 
tion produced by the division of a 
single (mother) cell, as the pollen- 
grains of a tetrad, 
Sit’us (Lat., situate), (1) the position 
occupied by an organ; (2) + the 
mycelium of some Fungi (Lindley). 
‘Skein, a condition of the chromatin of 
the nucleus in the initial and final 
stages of division ; daughter ~ or 
mother ~, according to their 
development. 
Skeleton (cxeherds, mummy), any 
framework which persists after the 
destruction of the organ by fire or 
corrosion, as the remainder of the 
cell-wall in ash, or the starch grain 
after partial solution by an enzyme. 
Skin, a thin external covering, the 
cuticle or epidermis. 
slashed, laciniate. 
slate-grey, the 
schistaceous. 
Sleep, the repose of plants, with 
changes in position of organs such 
as leaves, due to absence of light ; 
~ Movements, positions taken by 
colour of slate, 
leaves during the night, nyctitropic 
movements. 
slen’der, long and thin. 
Sliding Growth, a gradual change in 
the relative position of vessels, 
fibres, etc., due to their develop- 
ment in a longitudinal direction. 
Slime-flux, a flow of liquid from 
diseased fruit and forest trees, due 
to the attacks of various Fungi, 
producing a fermentation of the 
cortical elements down to the 
cambium zone (Massee); Slime- 
Fun’gi= MyxocastREs. 
slimy, mucous. 
Sling-fruit, applied to any fruit which 
by possessing contractile tissue 
projects its seeds to a distance, 
Slip, (1) described by Loudon as a 
shoot from the collar or lower part 
of the stem of a plant, used for 
propagation, stem-suckers ; (2) a 
popular name for Cutrine, but 
not used by cultivators, 
smarag dine, smarag’dinus (cudparydos, 
an emerald), emerald green. 
Smil’acine, a crystalline body oc- 
curring in the roots of the officinal 
sarsaparilla, 
smo’ky, fumosus. 
smooth, (1) not rough, opposed to 
scabrous, free from hairs; (2) gla- 
brous, as opposed to pubescent. 
Smut, disease in grain produced by 
various species of Ustilago. 
Snail-plants, those which are sup 
posed to be fertilized by snails and 
slugs, malacophilous plants. 
snow-white, white of absolute purity, 
niveus. 
Snow-leaves, Jungner’s name for cer- 
tain leaves which are thin or 
leathery, folded in the bud, and 
with no pulvinus ; winter-leaves. 
Sob’ole, Sob’oles (Lat., a sprout), 
a shoot, especially from the ground ; 
sobolif’erous (ero, I bear), bearing 
vigorous shoots, 
so’cial (socialis, pertaining to com- 
panionship), when individuals of 
the same species usually grow in 
company, and occupy a consider- 
able extent of ground. 
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