volvocinaceous 
Winter-annual 
sac enclosing the sporophore of 
Agarics, ruptured at its apex by 
the growth of the unfolding pileus. 
volvocina’ceous, of the nature of the 
genus Volvoz. 
Vul’va [from Volva] Vegetabil’ium, a 
Linnean name for the Stigma ; 
vul'viform (forma, shape), like a 
cleft with projecting edges. 
Wart, a hard or firm excrescence ; 
warty, covered with warts or 
verrucae. 
Wa'ter Cul’'ture, growth of plants in 
compound solutions of salts; ~ 
Gland, a group of cells beneath a 
water-pore, which help to excrete 
water; ~ Leaf, in Salvinia, a 
submersed and finely divided leaf, 
which simulates a root; ~ 
Parasite, when the host serves 
only as a root, and provides 
absorption, conduction and me- 
chanical support, as in Mistleto, 
whose haustoria contain no sieve- 
tubes; ~ Plants, those growing 
in water, immersed wholly or in 
part; ~ Pore, ~ Stom’a, a stoma 
devoid of guard-cells, discharging 
water ; ~ Stor‘ing-tis’sue, a form 
of water-tissue adapted for storing 
water, especially in dry climates ; 
~ Tis’sue, parenchyma filled with 
clear sap and some mucilage. 
waved, wa’vy, undulate or sinuate. 
Wax, vegetable, a fatty body occur- 
ring as a waste product, either 
superficially as BLoom on leaves, 
or in quantity in fruits and stems 
as in Myrica cerifera, Linn., and 
CeroxylonKlopstockia, Mart. ;wax’y, 
resembling bees’ wax in consistence 
or appearance; ~ Coat’ing, a thin 
epidermal layer of rods or grains, 
forming a glaucous bloom on fruits 
and leaves; ~ yellow, an impure 
yellow, cf. cereus, melleus. 
wedge-form, ~ -shape, cuneate. 
Weed, any useless or troublesome 
plant which occurs without in- 
tentional cultivation. 
Weel,a term borrowed from a wicker 
eel-trap, for an arrangement of 
290 
hairs which keeps out unbidden 
insect guests from flowers (Ogle), 
Weep’ing, excessive loss of sap from 
wounds, as in the vine or birch; 
bleeding ; adj. = pendulous in habit. 
Welt, a raised stripe on fruit such as 
the lemon (Crozier); welt’ed, is given 
by Crozier as ‘‘ flaccid, drooping” ; 
it is probably an error for WILTED. 
Wendungszel'len (Ger.), a disc-shaped 
group of hyaline cells (or a single 
cell) at the base of the oosphere 
in Characeae. 
Wheat-ear Carnation, an abnormal 
increase or pleiotaxy of bracts. 
wheel-shaped, rotate. 
whip-shaped, flagelliform. 
Whirl (S. F. Gray) = WHorRL. 
white, when positive colour is absent; 
albus is white generally, nivews, as 
pure as snow, candidus, radiantly 
white, etc. ; ~ Chlorophyll, Gau- 
tier’s term for chlorophyll which 
is rich in hydrogen and colourless ; 
the normal green type is stated to 
be poorer in that gas; whi’tened, 
dealbate, with a darker ground 
tint; whi’tish, albidus, albulus, etc. 
Whorl, pr. hwurl, the arrangement of 
organs in a circle round an axis; 
false- ~, spurious ~, = VERTICIL- 
LASTER; whorled, pr. hwurld, dis- 
posed in one or more whorls. 
Wick’er-hairs, an awkward and inex- 
pressive rendering of the German 
“‘Reusenhaare”’ ; cf. TRAP-HAIRS ; 
WEEL. 
wild, spontaneous, growing without 
cultivation or introduction. 
Wild’ering (Crozier) = Wi'lding, (1) 
any wild plant ; (2) an escape from 
cultivation. 
wilt’ed, become flaccid, the opposite 
of turgid; wilt’ing, drooping, 
having lost the quality of fresh- 
ness. 
Wing, (1)=ALa, any membranous ex- 
pansion attached to an organ; (2) 
a lateral petal of a papilionaceous 
corolla; ~ Bract, the attached sub- 
tending bract of Tvlia; winged, 
alate. 
Win'ter-an’nual, a plant which ger- 
