Xanthophyll 
yearly 
etiolated plant (Van Tieghem) ; 
Xan'thophyll (#i\\ov, a leaf), a 
constituent of chlorophyll, a yellow 
colouring matter insoluble in water ; 
Xanthophyl'lidrine, a yellow crys- 
tallizable pigment, like the last, but 
soluble in water; Xanthopi’crine 
(mexpos, bitter), a yellow bitter 
principle from the bark of Zan- 
thoxylon caribbaeum, Lam.; Xan- 
thorham’nin, the yellow colouring 
matter of the ripe fruits of Rham- 
nus ; Xanthotra’metin (+ Trama), 
a colour resin in Fungi, as Poly- 
porus cinnabarinus, Fr. 
Xen ‘ia (éévi0s, belonging to a guest), 
Focke’s term for the direct influ- 
ence of foreign pollen on the parts 
of the mother-plant (Stift). 
Xenocar’py (févos, a stranger, xapros, 
fruit), producing fruit as the result 
of xenogamy ; Xenochro’ma (xpdya, 
colour), Focke’s term for the effect 
of foreign pollen producing a change 
in the colour of the fruit ; Kenog’- 
amy (yduos, marriage), cross-fer- 
tilization between sexual elements 
borne by different individuals 
(Loew); cf GEITONOGAMY ; Xeno- 
plas’ma (7Adcyua, moulded), em- 
ployed by Focke to denote change 
in shape of fruit produced by the 
action of foreign pollen. 
xerampel'inus (Lat.), the dull red or 
purple of dead vine leaves. 
xerochas’tic (typos, dry, xaopdw, I 
gape), applied by Ascherson to 
plants whose fruits burst by 
desiccation and their seeds or 
spores are scattered ; Xe’rophile 
(tXr€éw, I love), a plant which 
grows in a dry situation; xero- 
phiilous, growing in arid places; 
Xe’rophyte (¢u7ov, a plant), a plant 
which can subsist with a small 
amount of moisture, as a desert 
plant; adj. xerophyt‘ic ; Xerot’- 
ropism (7por), a turning), the 
tendency of plants or parts thereof 
to alter their position to protect 
themselves from desiccation (Borzi); 
adj. xerotrop’ic. 
xiph’ioid (tigos, a sword, cldos, re- 
292 
semblance), sword-like, ensiform ; 
xiphophyl'lous, -/us (pvAor, a leaf), 
with ensiform leaves, as Iris. 
Xy'lan (évAov, wood), the chief con- 
stituent of Woop-Gum; Xy’‘lem, 
the wood-elements of a vascular 
bundle, possessing tracheal tis- 
sue; -~ Bridges, connections 
surrounding phloém- islands ; ~ 
I’slands, detached strands of xylem 
in certain species of Thunbergia 
(Roulet); ~ Parench’yma, oblong 
cells which retain their proto- 
plasm, with thick and lignified 
walls, occurring in longitudinal 
bands; ~ Plate, ~ Ray, a radial 
plate of xylem between two medul- 
lary rays; cf. PHLoM Ray ; xyl'1- 
nus, woody, pertaining to wood; 
xylocar’pous, -pus (xapréos, fruit), 
the fruit becoming hard and 
woody ; Xyl’ochrome  (xpaya, 
colour), (1) wood-dyes, chiefly 
tannins; (2) the dark coloured 
contents of the vessels of the 
duramen (Hartig) ; Xylo’dia, Xylo’- 
dium (eldos, like), (1) the woody 
fruit of Anacardium; cf. Xyto- 
PopiIuM; (2) an old name for 
ACHENE; Xyl’ogen (yévos, off- 
spring), used by Sachs for wood- 
substance; Xylo’ma, a sclerotioid 
body which does not produce 
branched sporophores, but sporo- 
genous structures within itself; 
Xylomy’ces (utxys, a mushroom), 
a Fungus which grows on wood 
or bark ; Xy’lonite, cellulose manu- 
factured in plastic masses; xylo- 
phiilous (¢Mew, I love), applied to 
Fungi which attack woody tissue ; 
Xylopod’ium (ois, rodos, a foot), a 
fruit like a nucule, but wanting a 
cupule, and borne upon a fleshy 
support, as in Anacardium; Xy’- 
lose, a pentose occurring in wood ; 
Xylostro’ma, the leathery felted 
mycelium of certain Fungi which 
destroy timber ; Xylot’omy (r7oy0s, 
a cut), the anatomy of wood, and 
woody tissues; adj. xylotom’ic. 
year'ly, annual, of a year's growth, 
