URETER, BLADDER. 55 
the ducts of Bellini, and empty into the cavity of one of the calices 
of the pelvis of the kidney. 
Of what does the Malpighian tuft or glomerulus consist ? 
Bowman's capsule is composed of a basement membrane contin- 
uous with the basement membrane of the convoluted tubule. An 
arterial twig (the vasa afferens) from the interlobular artery enters it 
at one side, and breaks up into a capillary network or tuft. The blood 
from this tuft is collected into a vein (the vasa efferens) which leaves 
the capsule near where the afferent artery enters. The capsule is 
lined with a layer of flattened epithelium which is also reflected over 
the capillary tuft of bloodvessels which is the glomerulus. 
Describe the cells lining the different parts of a uriniferous tubule. 
The cells lining the convoluted portions consist of large, granular, 
striated cells, whose outlines are not well defined, and which nearly fill 
the lumen of the tubule. In the descending limb of Henle’s loop the 
lining cells are flat and transparent, while in the ascending limb they 
are pyramidal or short and cylindrical in shape and are granular. 
The collecting tubules are lined with cylindrical- or, in some parts, 
with cuboidal-shaped cells. 
Where is connective tissue found in the kidney ? 
In the capsule, and lining the sinus. It is also found along the 
walls of the larger bloodvessels and around the glomeruli. 
URETER. 
What is the structure of the ureter ? 
The outer coat is composed of fibrous tissue. The middle coat is” 
composed of three layers of involuntary muscle, the outer and inner 
layers running in a longitudinal direction, and the middle layer in a 
circular manner. The inner coat of the ureter is a mucous membrane 
made up of areolar tissue and covered with transitional epithelium. 
BLADDER. 
What is the structure of the wall of the bladder ? 
It consists in part of a serous coat derived. from the peritoneum; 
of a muscular coat made up of three layers of involuntary muscle, the 
principal fibres of which run longitudinally and circularly. It is lined 
with a strong mucous membrane, which is covered with a layer of 
transitional epithelium continuous with the lining wall of the ureter 
