STOMACH AND INTESTINES. 93 
the phlegmonous form there are circumscribed collections of pus 
formed in the connective-tissue coat of the stomach and these may 
produce perforations. 
The mucous membrane of the stomach may also be inflamed or 
destroyed by the action of poisons or caustics which may have been 
swallowed. 
What are the changes with chronic ulcer of the stomach ? 
It is supposed that a circumscribed portion of the mucous mem- 
brane of the stomach is deprived of blood, and that the nutrition of 
the affected part is so disturbed that the gastric fluid attacks and 
destroys it. There then appears a clean-cut hole in the mucous mem- 
brane, larger than in the layers lying under it. 
What other changes may take place in the stomach ? 
There may be calcareous degeneration of the stomach walls, or waxy 
degeneration of the bloodvessels of the gastric mucous membrane. 
The stomach may be dilated or may be the seat of hemorrhages from 
various causes. 
What tumors are described as occurring in the stomach ? 
Papillomata, myomata, sarcomata, adenomata and carcinomata. 
What inflammations are common to the small intestine ? 
Acute catarrhal, chronic catarrhal, croupous and suppurative inflam- 
mation, giving about the same changes as have been described with 
the corresponding inflammation of the stomach. 
What changes may occur in the solitary and agminated glands of 
the small intestine ? 
They may be swollen in cases of infectious disease and may be the 
seat of abscesses. They may be swollen on account of any of the dif- 
ferent inflammations of the intestine. They also may be the seat of 
tubercular inflammation. 
What forms of inflammation are found in the large intestine ? 
In the colon there may bean acute or chronic catarrhal colitis, or a 
croupous colitis. The same forms are common to the rectum. Each 
form gives the changesin the structure of the mucous membrane com- 
mon to its own variety. The caecum may be the seat of a catarrhal 
inflammation. In the vermiform appendix, the most frequent form of 
inflammation is a suppurative one. 
What tumors may develop in the intestine ? 
Myomata, lipomata and carcinomata. 
