LYMPHATIC VESSELS. 105 
their nuclei do not take the staining fluids. Then Jarger or smaller 
masses of these cells undergo cheesy degeneration. They may remain 
in this condition for a long time or the cheesy material may break 
down and form abscesses which are very slow in healing. 
What que ce changes in syphilitic inflammation of the lymph 
nodes 
In the primary stage the lymph nodes in the infected region are apt 
to present the changes of ordinary acute inflammation. In the secondary 
stage the nodes in other parts of the body may be enlarged and hard. 
The connective tissue is Increased in amount and there is an increase 
in the number of parenchyma cells. Such enlarged nodes may 
remain in the same condition for a long time. 
In the tertiary stages the nodes may be the seat of a chronic inflam- 
mation with the formation of gumma tumors. 
Describe pigmentation of lymph nodes. 
Frequently pigment is found in lymph nodes, which has been derived 
from the coloring matter of the blood in the node or that has been 
brought from without. Often particles of dust, etc., that have entered 
the lungs with inspired air get into the lymphatics and from them 
into the lymph nodes. The presence of these materials often sets up a 
chronic inflammation. 
What forms of degeneration are found in lymph nodes ? 
They may atrophy as a regular occurrence in old age, and:are then 
small, hard and white unless pigmented. Amyloid and hyaline degen- 
erative changes are rare and resemble the same changes occurring else- 
where. 
What is a lymphoma ? 
It isa hyperplasia ofa lymph node. In some cases there is an 
enormous increase in the size of nodes of certain regiovs. The increase 
may occur slowly or with great rapidity. The nodes may be hard or 
soft. The increase in size of the softer variety seems to be due to an 
increase in the parenchyma, while in the harder forms the increase in 
size is more confined to the reticular structure of the node. It may be 
regarded as a tumor. 
What tumors have been found in lymph nodes ? 
Sarcomata, jibromata, myxomata and chondromata ; secondary 
carcinomata are of frequent occurrence. 
