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CLASSIFICATION 
A work of this kind could not be considered complete without 
some account of the systematic arrangement or classification 
which these plants receive at the hands of botanists. It would 
hardly avail to enter too minutely into details, yet sufficient 
should be attempted to enable the reader to comprehend the 
value and relations of the different groups into which fungi are 
divided. The arrangement generally adopted is based upon 
the “ Systema Mycologicum” of Fries, as modified to mect the 
requirements of more recent microscopical researches by Berkeley 
in his “Introduction,’* and adopted in Lindley’s “Vegetable 
Kingdom.” Another arrangement was proposed by Professor 
de Bary, but it has never met with general acceptance. 
In the arrangement to which we have alluded, all fungi are 
divided into two primary sections, having reference to the mode 
in which the fructification is produced. In one section, the 
spores (which occupy nearly the same position, and perform 
similar functions, to the seeds of higher plants) are naked; that 
is, they are produced on spicules, and are not enclosed in cysts 
or capsules. This section is called SporireRa, or spore-bearing, 
because, by general consent, the term spore is limited in fungi 
to such germ-cells as are not produced in eysts. The second 
section is termed Sporipirrera, or sporidia-bearing, because in 
like manner the term sporidia is limited to such germ-cells as 
* Rev. M. J. Berkeley, ‘‘Introduction to Cryptogamie Botany” (1857), Lon- 
don, pp. 235 to 372. 
+ De Bary, in ‘‘ Streinz Nomenclator Fungorum,” p. 722, 
