106 FUNGI. 
covered at Manilla by Gaudichaud, in 1836; the last, 4. Gard- 
neri, Berk., is produced in the Brazilian province of Goyaz, upon 
dead leaves. As to the Dematium violaceum, Pers., the Himantia 
candida, Pers., cited once by Link, and the Thelephora cerulea, 
D.C. (Corticium ceruleum, Fr.), Tulasne is of opinion that their 
phosphorescent properties are still problematical; at least no 
recent observation confirms them. 
The phosphorescence of A. olearius, D. C., appears to have 
been first made known by De Candolle, but it seems that he was 
in errcr in stating that these phosphorescent properties mani- 
fest themselves only at the time of its decomposition. Fries, 
describing the Cladosporium umbrinum, which lives upon the 
Agaric of the olive-tree, expressed the opinion that the Agaric 
only owes its phosphorescence to the presence of the mould. 
This, however, Tulasne denies, for he writes, “I have had the 
opportunity of observing that the Agaric of the olive is really 
phosphorescent of itself, and that it is not indebted to any 
foreign production for the light it emits.” Like Delile, he 
considers that the fungus is only phosphorescent up to the time 
when it ceases to grow; thus the light which it projects, one 
night say, is a manifestation of its vegetation. 
“It is an important fact,” writes Tulasne, “ which I can con- 
firm, and which itis important to insist upon, that the phos- 
plorescence is not exclusively confined to the hymenial surface. 
Numerous observations made by me prove that the whole of the 
substance of the fungus participates very frequently, if not 
always, in the faculty of shining in the dark. Among the first 
Agarics which I examined, I found many, the stipe of which 
shed here and there a light as brilliant as the hymenium, and 
led me to think that it was due to the spores which had fallen 
on the surface of the stipe. Therefore, being in the dark, I 
scraped with my scalpel the luminous parts of the stipe, but it 
did not sensibly diminish their brightness; then I split the stipe, 
bruised it, divided it into small fragments, and I found that 
the whole of this mass, even in its deepest parts, enjoyed, in a 
similar degree to its superficies, the property of light. I found, 
besides, a phosphorescence quite as brilliant in all the cap, for, 
