GERMINATION AND GROWTH. 149 
leaving the portion nearest to the parent cell colourless and 
lifeless. When nearly attaining their ultimate dimensions, all 
the tubes are divided towards their outer extremity by transverse 
septa into unequal cells; then simple and solitary processes, of 
variable length and form, but attenuated upwards, proceed from 
each segment of the initial tube, and produce at their extremity 
an oval spore (tcleutospore, Tul.), which is slightly curved and 
unilocular. These spores absorb all the orange endochrome from 
the original tubes. They appear in immense numbers on the 
surface of the fungus, and when detached from their spicules 
fall upon the ground or on any object which may be beneath 
them. So freely are they deposited that they may be collected 
on paper, or a slip of glass, like a fine gold-coloured powder. 
Again, these secondary spores (teleutospores) are capable of 
germination, and many of them will be found to have germinated 
on the surface of the Podisoma whence they originated. The 
germ filament which they produce springs habitually from the 
side, at a short distance from the hilum, which indicates the 
point of attachment to the original spicule. These filaments 
will attain to from fifteen to twenty times the diameter of the 
spore in length before branching, and are in themselves exceed- 
ingly delicate. The tubes whit] issue from the primary spores 
(protospores, Tul.) are not always simple, but sometimes forked ; 
and the cells which are ultimately formed at their extremities, 
though producing filiform processes, do not always generate 
secondary spores (teleutospores) at their apices. This mode of 
germination, it will be seen, resembles greatly that which takes 
place in Puceinia. 
The germination of the Ustilagines was in part examined by 
Tulasne, but since has received accessions through the labours 
of Dr. A. Fischer von Waldheim.* Nothing, however, of any 
importance is added to our knowledge of the germination of 
Tilletia, which was made known as early as 1847.¢ After some 
* Von Waldheim, on the ‘‘ Development of the Ustilaginex,” in ‘‘ Pringsheim’s 
Jahrbucher,” vol. vii. (1869); translated in ‘‘ Transactions of N. Y. State 
Agricultural Society for 1870.” 
t+ Berkeley, on the ‘‘ Proragation of Bunt,’ in ‘‘ Trans, Hort. Soe. London,” 
