192 FUNGI. 
to Cryptogamie Botany” from Spherotheca Castagnei, which is 
the hop mildew.* The vine disease, hop mildew, and rose 
mildew, are the most destructive species of this group, and the 
constant annoyance of cultivators. 
When first describing an allied fungus found on old paper, and 
named Ascotricha chartarum, the Rev. M. J. Berkeley called atten- 
tion to the presence of globose conidia attached to the threads 
which surround the conceptacles,t and this occurred as long 
since as 1838. Ina recent species of Chetomium found on old 
sacking, Chetomium griseum, Cooke,t we have found tufts in all 
respects similar externally to the Chetomium, but no perithecium 
was formed, naked conidia being developed apparently at the 
base of the coloured threads. In Chetomium funicolum, Cooke; 
a black mould was also found which may possibly prove to be 
its conidia, but at present there is no direct evidence. 
The brothers Tulasne have made us acquainted with a greater 
number of instances amongst the Spheriacet in which multiple 
organs of reproduction prevail. Very often old and decaying 
individuals belonging to species of Boletus will be found filled, 
and their entire substance internally replaced, by the threads and 
multitudinous spores of a golden yellow parasite, to which the 
name of Sepedonium chrysospermum has been given. According 
to Tulasne, this is merely a condition of a spheriaceous fungus 
belonging to his genus Hypomyces.§ 
The saine observers also first demonstrated that Trichoderma 
viride, P., was but the conidia-bearing stage of Hypocrea rufa, 
P., another spheriaceous fungus. The ascigerous stroma of the 
latter is indeed frequently associated in avery close manner with 
the cushions of the pretended Trichoderma, or in other cases the 
same stroma will give rise to a different apparatus of conidia, 
of which the principal elements are acicular filaments, which are 
short, upright, and almost simple, and which give rise to small 
* See also Berkeley, in ‘‘ Trans. Iort. Soc. London,” vol. ix. p. 68. 
+ Berkeley, in ‘‘ Ann. Nat. Hist.” (June, 1838), No, 116. 
t “ Grevillea,” vol. i. p. 176. 
§ Tulasne, ‘‘On Certain Fungicolous Spherie,” mn ‘Ann. des Sci. Nat.” 
4me sér, xiii. (1860), p. 5. 
