250 FUNGI. 
in little translucent flakes or scales, an erect olivaceous mould 
appeared, and the patches extended to nearly an inch in 
diameter, maintaining an almost universal circular form. This 
new mould sometimes possessed a dirty reddish tint, but was 
commonly dark olive. There could be no mistake about the 
genus to which this mould belonged; it had all the essential 
characters of Penicillium. Erect jointed threads, branched in 
the upper portion in a fasciculate manner, and bearing long 
beaded threads of spores, which formed a tassel-like head, at 
the apex of each fertile thread. Although at first reminded of 
Penicillium olivaceum, of Corda, by the colour of this species, it 
was found to differ in the spores being oblong instead of globose, 
and the ramifications of the flocci were different. Unable again 
to find a described species of Penicillium with which this new 
mould would agree, it was described under the name of Peni- 
cillium chartarum.* 
Almost simultaneously, or but shortly after the perfection 
of the spores of Penicillium, other and very similar patches 
appeared, distinguished by the naked eye more particularly by 
their dendritic form. This peculiarity seemed to result from the 
dwarfed habit of the third fungus, since the varnish, though 
cracked and raised, was not cast off, but remained in small 
angular fragments, giving to the spots their dendritic appearance, 
the dark spores of the fungus protruding through the fissures. 
This same mould was also found in many cases growing in the 
same spots amongst Penicillium chartarum, but whether from 
the same mycelium could not be determined. 
The distinguishing features of this fungus consist in an 
extensive mycelium of delicate threads, from which arise 
numerous erect branches, bearing at the apex dark brown 
opaque spores. Sometimes the branches were again shortly 
branched, but in the majority of instances were single. The 
septate spores had from two to four divisions, many of them 
divided again by cross septa in the longitudinal direction of the 
spore, so as to impart a muriform appcarance. As fur as the 
structure and appearance of the sporgs are concerned, they re- 
* Cooke's ‘! Handbook of British Fungi,” p, 602, 
