GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. 277 
cosmopolitan, and all seem to be less influenced by climatic 
conditions than the more fleshy fungi. The Sepedonici are 
represented by at least one species wherever Boletus is found. 
The Jfucedines occur everywhere in temperate and _ tropical 
regions, Penicillium and Aspergillus flourishing as much in the 
latter as in the former. Botrytis and Peronospora are almost as 
widely diffused and as destructive in warmer as in temperate 
countries, and although from difficulty in preservation the moulds 
are seldom represented to any extent in collections, yet mdica- 
tions of their presence constantly oceur in connection with other 
forms, to such an extent as to warrant the conclusion that they 
are far from uncommon. The Dematiei are probably equally as 
widely diffused. Species of Helminthosporium, Cladosporium, 
and Alacrosporium seem to be as common in tropical as temper- 
ate climes. The distribution of these fungi is imper‘ectly known, 
except in Europe and North America, but their occurrence in 
Ceylon, Cuba, India, and Australasia indicated a cosmopolitan 
range. Oladosporium herbarum would seem to occur everywhere. 
The Stilbacez and Isariacei are not less widely diffused, although 
as yet apparently limited in species. Jsaria occurs on insects 
in Brazil as in North America, and species of Stilbum and Isaria 
are by no means rare in Ceylon. 
The Physomyectes have representatives in the tropics, species 
of Mucor occurring in Cuba, Brazil, and the southern states of 
North America, with the same and allied genera in Ceylon. 
Antennaria and Pisomyra scem to reach their highest develop- 
ment in hot countries. 
The Ascomycetes are represented everywhere, and although 
certain groups are more tropical than others, they are represented 
in all collections. The fleshy forms are most prolific in temper- 
ate countries, and only a few species of Peziza affect the tropics, 
yet in elevated districts of hot countries, such as the Himalayas 
of India, Peziza, Morchella, and Geoglossum are found. Two or 
three species of Morchella are found in Kashmir, and at least 
one or two in Java, where they are used as food. The genus 
Cyttavia is confined to the southern parts of South America 
and Tasmania. The United States equal if they do not exceed 
