BEE-KEEPING. 41 



culture, and is still so now to some extent in the pro- 

 vince of Lublin, it having everywhere else fallen into 

 decay. The reason why Bee-keeping is so industriously 

 carried on in Russia is twofold. Firstly, because the 

 peasants use honey instead of sugar ; and secondly, 

 because wax tapers to the value of 1,200,000 rubles 

 (nearly;^ 1 82,500) are required for the churches. Buschen 

 states the quantity of honey annually produced in 

 European Russia to be 600,000 to 700,000 pud (9,643 

 to 11,250 tons), and a proportionate quantity of wax. 



In the United States, apiculture is carried on largely, 

 both as a distinct trade and adjunct to other farming, 

 with a great amount of scientific attention. Many of 

 our most valuable apicultural improvements and inven- 

 tions have had their origin there, and in no other country 

 would the old straw skep and death-and-brimstone 

 system meet with greater contempt. 



Within this last 25 years, California has become a great 

 country for Bee-culture. In 1876, Mr. Harbison reached 

 New York with his honey crop, from his six Apiaries in 

 San Diego. The shipment consisted of ten car-loads, 

 or 200,000 lbs. of honey. In Les Angelos county, we 

 are told, there are 200 Apiaries with over 12,000 hives, 

 from which over 500,000 lbs. of honey are taken annually. 

 The income of Mr. J. S. Harbison, derived from honey 

 alone, is said to be more than ;£^5C'00 per annum, clear 

 of all expenses. In the State of New York, Captain 

 Hetherington of Cherry Valley, sold in 1874 over 58,000 

 lbs. of honey, from his own Apiaries, and Adam Grimm 

 of Jefferson as much more. Many more examples of 

 large products in the United States could be cited. 



Germany, too, boasts of many Bee-keepers ; in com- 

 parison with that Empire, Great Britain is far behind. 

 Here, where one hive is kept, we might have a thousand ; 



