ii6 A MANUAL OF BEE-KEEPING. 



than straw or wood supers, and the former require warm 

 wrapping up to ensure success. 



When it is desired to use square supers, or bell-glasses, 

 or straw skeps, a wooden platform, as a stand, must be 

 placed on the top of the skep. If the hive is flat-topped 

 it will be sufficient to fasten the wooden stands by means 

 of four long screws through the wood into the hive, but 

 if the hive has a dome top it must first be levelled by- 

 means of stiff clay, mortar, or some such material. 



To exclude the Queen from supers where she might 

 lay eggs, and so spoil the honey, recourse has been had 

 to the interposition of a sheet of perforated zinc between 

 the super and the hive, the perforations having a 

 diameter of 5-32nds of an inch, permits the passage of 

 the Workers, but not the Queen. 



Sectional Supers. — These, as I have before said, 

 are the honey receptacles of the future. The little boxes 

 which I had the pleasure of introducing to English 

 Bee-keepers, and for which I had awarded to me the 

 medal of the British Bee-keepers' Association, are those 

 figured in the American periodical, ' Gleanings in Bee- 

 ciilture,' and made by its editor, Mr. Root ; they are 

 used generally fitted into frames either in the upper (or 

 super chamber) or in the main stock hive as end combs. 

 The dimensions of the boxes in question are 45 + 4I + 2 

 inches, and hold, when filled, lib. of honeycomb ; the 

 frames to contain these sections should be 2 inches 

 broad, and the common frame in America, the Langs- 

 troth, holds just 8 ; these dimensions are not at all 

 material, and the boxes may be made of any useful size 

 to fill the frame. 



Sectional supers require to be fitted with a triangular 

 piece of comb foundation, to be presently described ; 

 sometimes a saw-cut is made nearly through the centre 



