82 THE FOREST LANDS OF NORTHERN RUSSIA. 
‘The Tegethof steamed out of Tromsé Harbour on the 
13th of July; first fell in with the ice on the 25th, in lat. 
74° 15’ N.; and on the 29th sighted the coast of Novaia 
Zemlaia. Here she was caught in the pack, but steam 
being got up, repeated charges were made at the enemy, 
and she was carried bravely into an open water-way, about 
twenty miles wide, to the north of the Matochkia Strait. 
On the 12th of August she was joined by the IJsbysrn 
yacht with Count Wilczck and some friends on board, 
The two vessels anchored close to the shore in lat. 76° 30’ 
N., and on the 18th celebrated the Emperor of Austria’s 
birthday. Daily excursions were made by sledge parties 
‘to the adjoining islands, resulting in an accumulation of 
botanical and geological specimens, besides slaughtered 
bears and foxes, and quantities of drift-wood. On the 23rd 
‘the vessels parted company,—the Tegethoff steaming to the 
northward, and the Jsbyérn endeavouring to push south- 
ward along the coast. On reaching the mouth of the 
Petchora, Count Wilczck and his friends left her to pro- 
ceed on the return voyage to Tromsé, while they ascended 
‘the Petchora in small boats to Perm, and returned to 
Vienna by way of Moscow. 
‘The YLegethof spent the winters of 1872 and 1873 in 
‘the Icy Sea, and made some discoveries of interest. It 
returned in safety in the summer of 1874. 
Tn lands further to the north than Nova Zembla there 
may be found moss, scurvy grass, and sorrel, but no trees. 
In the year A.D. 879, when the first settlers in Iceland, 
under Ingulf their chief, went thither, they found very 
extensive forests in the valleys, which they penetrated with 
difficulty ; and roots and stumps of large fir trees are, or 
were sixty years ago, to be seen in various parts, but now 
“not a tree is to be found in the whole island, and only a 
few stunted birches and some low brush or underwood 
grows in the most sheltered situations. 
Greenland is said to have gotten that name from an 
Icelander, Eric Raude, or Eric the Red, by whom it was 
