106 THE FOREST LANDS OF NORTHERN RUSSIA. 
ing to the reports of the Government Direction of forests, 
in the Governments of the South the artificial plantation 
has thus far progressed— 
Deciatines of By Sowing. By Planting. 
Forest. 
1866 ais Cultivated 4148 2088 2060 
1867 nee rr 2772 1372 1400 
1868 sie vy 3007 1317 1690 
1869 aie . 3750 1447 2303 
1870 a 1230 255 975 
‘In what relates to the planting of forests on the proper- 
ties of private individuals we possess very little information 
indeed ; it is only known that with certain proprietors the 
plantation of forests has taken place on extents of land 
which are relatively considerable; with Count Ouvaroff in 
the Government of Moscow, to the extent of 700 deciatines ; 
with M. Schatiloff, in the Government of Tula, with M. 
Skarjinsky, in the Government of Cherson, to the extent 
of 500 deciatines; in the Colony of Mennonites, in the 
Government of Taurida, and with some other proprietors. 
‘ Works of improvements which consist in constructing 
or improving forest ways for the leading out of fellings, 
the drying of marshes, the surrounding the borders of 
forests with ditches or quick-hedges, and the purchasing 
up in Courland of forest servitudes have only taken place 
in what are relatively very restricted proportions. 
‘Conformably to the natural geographical distribution of 
the principal forest trees in Russia (in the north they are 
resinous woods which predominate, in the south they are 
leaf-bearing trees), the management of the forests has 
taken also two different principal forms. In the north, 
and in the northern portions of Central Russia, there pre- 
dominate lofty forests with reproduction by seed ; in the 
south, and in the central portion of Central Russia, coppice 
woods predominate, with reproduction by shoots and 
suckers. The success of this last system of exploitation 
meets with a serious obstacle in the want of a strict organi- 
