CHAPTER VI. 
FOREST INDUSTRIES. 
Section A.—Fonrest EXPLOITATION AND CLEARING OF 
Forest LANDS. 
Mr JUDR&, in the accounts of his journey of inspection in 
the Government of Olonetz, has made mention of com- 
plaints of the timber trade being unremunerative. He 
writes: —‘ Speaking generally, the first acquaintance of one 
with the country leads to the conclusion that the Govern- 
ment of Olonetz is as poor in works employing human 
industrial labour as it is rich in natural productions, 
amongst which the first place must be assigned to those of 
the forests. In Petrozavodsk I was enabled to collect 
from records by officials who had formerly the manage- 
ment of the forests, and of all matters relating to the 
country, information of which the following is a summary. 
‘The Government of Olonetz lies between 60° 21’ and 
65° 16’ N. Lat., and 47° 21’ and 59° 36’ E. from the meri- 
dian of Faro, corresponding to about 30° and 40° EB. of 
Greenwich. It has an area of 2,785 square geographical 
miles, or 14,026,820 desatins. Of this area forests cover 
approximately ten millions of desatins, or five-sevenths of 
the whole. After deducting 257,000 desatins of arable 
land, and 88 desatins of pasture land, the rest is composed 
of rivers, lakes, swamps, and other unproductive places. 
The whole population, including both sexes, amounts to 
301,290 ; consequently there is for each man 47 desatins 
of surface, consisting of — 
1:14 desatins of arable and pasture land ; 
35°19 of forests ; and 
1067 of lake and river. 
