FAUNA. 289 
beavers have been found in some parts of Lapland—some 
of these have been found white in colour, but the instances 
are rare, 
A representative of the Felidae is the lynx. The 
lynx is occasionally shot in the vicinity of St, Petersburg. 
The species most generally found is the felis vergata of 
Nilssen. He is a very wary animal, and even when 
ringed is very difficult to drive from his lurking place. 
, The Canidae are represented by the wolf and the 
ox. ns 
In Lapland the foxes are extremely numerous, some of 
them are white with black ears and feet, some red, or red 
with a black cross, some black, or black with long hairs on 
their back of a silver colour: the skins of these are 
highly valued in the north of Europe. 
The Arctic fox (lagopus, or isatis canislagopus), is a dog- 
like animal, considered native to Spitzbergen and Green- 
land, but it extends over all the Arctic regions of America 
and Asia, and it has been found in Finland and Northern 
Russia. 
The wolf (Volk) is both abundant and widely diffused. 
Wolves are shot by hunting them with dogs or by an 
ordinary battue, such as has been described in connection 
with the hunting of the bear, and sometimes by riding 
them down, but this requires a peculiar condition of the 
snow and appropriate ground. 
In hunting the wolf it is not uncommon for the sports- 
man to take with him in his sledge a young squeaking pig 
in a bag; and a bag of hay of like size is attached to the 
sledge to be trailed behind. From time to time the pig is 
pinched—its squeaking attracts wolves—they, seeing the 
bag of hay trailed behind, supposing the sound to proceed 
from it, come out to reconnoitre, and thus present them- 
selves within reach of the sportsman’s rifle, 
The wolves aiso have their little stratagems. A member 
of my family, resident for some time in the locality, told 
me that he had himself seen indications of the following 
triek, which is not uncommon with them. A herd of 
