384 CHAPTEi; xxxr. 



General Stains. 



746. Carmines. — Ammonia-carmine is good for general views. 

 Stain very slowly in extremely dilute solutions. Bicliromate 

 material ouglit to be brought direct into the dain ivithout 

 passing through alcohol (see § 51). 



Picro-carmine has much the same actionj but gives a 

 better demonstration of non-nervous elements. 



I prefer carmalum, with formol material, as giving a more 

 delicate stain. I find it better than paracarmine. 



Kecent authors recommend soda-curmine. The Encycl. 

 mlk. Technik., p. 927, advises staining Miiller material for a 

 couple of days in a 2 per cent, solution of carmiuate of soda 

 (Griibler's). 



BoEAX-CABMiNE, with indigo-carmine or an anilin bhie to follow, 

 gives elegant but not very instructive images, and I have abandoned it. 



See also Schmaus (Munch, vied Wochenschi:, 1891, No. 8; Zeit. ivis.i. 

 Mih., viii, 1891, p. 230) ; Upson (Neurolog. Cenivalb., 1888, p. 319 ; Zeit. 

 wiss. Mile, Y, 1888, p. 525) ; raBEBOEN (Amer. Mon. Mic. Joiirn., 1888, 

 p. 231 ; Joiini. Hoy. Mic. Soc, 1889, p. 305) ; Kadyi, Neurol. Ctntralb., 

 XX, 1901, p. 687 ; Zeit. tviss. Mile, xviii, 1902, p. -183) ; Ohilesotti {ibid, 

 xix, 1902, p. 161, and xx, 1903, p. 87); Kappers and Ketjen {ibid. 

 xxviii, 1911, p. 276) (Weigert material aftei'-stained with paracarmine). 



747. Anilin blue-black has )jeen much recommended by Sankey 

 {Quart. Joiu-v. Mic. ScL, 1876, p. 69);-Bbvan Lewis (ifiiijiaii Brain, 

 p. 125) ; Ybjas {Arch. f. Psychiatrie, xvi, p. 200) ; GiEKKE {Zeit. iviss. 

 Mil:., 188i, p. 376) ; iVlARTiNGTTi {ibid., p. 178) ; Jelgeksma {Zeit. wis.-). 

 in'ik., 1886, p. 39) ; Schmaus {Munch, vied. Woclienschr., No. 8, 1891. 

 p. 147 ; Zeit. wiss. Mile, viii, 1891, p. 230), and others. As to this colour 

 see § 329, and for details see 2irevious editions. 



748. — Nigrosin has given useful results in some hands. I 

 have not succeeded, probably because the dye is of inconstant 

 composition, and does not keep well. 



749. Picronigrosin.— Martinotti {loc. cif., 1884, p. 478) 

 stains for two or three hours or days in a saturated solution 

 of nio-rosin in saturated solution of picric acid in alcohol, and 

 washes out in a mixture of 1 part of formic acid with 2 parts 

 of alcohol. 



Johnston {Morph. Jahrb., xxxiv, 1905, p. 150) adds a 

 little Stiurefuchsin to the mixture. 



750. Kaiser {Zeit. wiss. Mile, vi, 1889, p. 471) stains sections of spinal 

 coi-d for a few hours in a solution of 1 part of naphtbylamin brown, 200 



