METHODS FOB INVEETEBRATES. 449 



acid containing 5 per cent, acetic acid, the soft ones with 1 

 per cent, chi-omic acid containing ^\ per cent, osinic acid, 

 or 10 parts of ] per cent, chromic acid, with 1 of formol and 

 9 of sea-water, Doliolidee with sublimate, or the above osmic 

 mixture, or a mixture of 10 parts 10 per cent, solution of 

 sulphate of copper with 1 part concentrated sublimate solution, 

 or the formol mixture. 



MoUuscoida. 



853. Bryozoa.— For some methods of killing and fixing see 

 §§ 13, 20, and 21. S. Lo Bianco employs for Fedicellina 

 and Loxosoma the chloral hydrate method, fixing with sub- 

 limate. For Flnstra, Cellepora, Bugula, Zoohothrium, he 

 employs the alcohol method of EisiG, § 18. For Gristatella 

 see §§ 16, 20. See also Beadn, § 907. 



CoNSEK {Trans. Amer. Mic. Soc, xvii, 1896, p. 310) kills 

 the fresh-water forms with' cocaine, puts them for an hour 

 into 1 per cent, chromic acid, and passes through water into 

 alcohol, etc. 



Similarly Calvet {Hist. Nat. Bryozuaires, Montpellier, 

 1900, p. 15), for marine forms. 



ZscHiESCHE {Zool. Jahrh., xxviii, 1909, p. 6) fixes larvaa of 

 Alcyonidium (settled down on a layer of celloidin or paraffin) 

 with 8 parts of sublimate and 2 of acetic acid to 90 of sea 

 water, for 25 to 30 minutes. 



854. Brachiopoda.— Lo Bianco kills small animals in 70 per 

 cent, alcohol, larger ones being first narcotised with alcohol 

 and sea water. 



Blochmann {Unlersuch. fein. Bau Brackiopuden, Jena, 1S92, 

 p. 5) fixes principally with sublimate, macerates by the 

 Hertwigs' method, § 534, decalcifies with 1 per cent, chromic 

 acid (for thick shells add a little hydrochloric or nitric acid), 

 or with nitric acid in alcohol of 50 to 70 per cent., and im- 

 beds in paraffin or celloidin. 



See also Eeman, Zeit. wiss. Zool., Ixii, 1896, p. 172. 



Mollusca. 



855. Fixation. — Lo Bianco narcotises Lamellibranchs for 

 six to ten hours or more with alcohol, § 18, and then kills them. 



29 



