70 MALLOW PASIILT. 



« « Stem-leaves united into one usvally rounded blade or cup underneath the tmall 



ojid whitish flowers : fl. summer. ® 

 C. perfoli&,ta occurs in some gardens, from Oregon and California; small, 

 of no beauty ; rooMcaves tufted, spatulate or lanceolate. 



22. MALVACE^ffl, MALLaW FAMILY. 



Known by the monadelphous numerous stamens, their tube con- 

 nected with the base of the petals, kidnej'-shaped 1-celled anthers 

 (Lessons, p. 114, fig. 238), the calyx valvate and the corolla con- 

 volute in the bud. Herbs or shrubs, with alternate palmately-veined 

 and often lobed leaves, evident stipules, and regular flowers, the true 

 sepals and the petals 5. There is commonly an involucre of several 

 bracts, resembling an outer calyx. Seeds kidney-shaped : the leafy 

 cotyledons crumpled or doubled up, in some mucilaginous albumen. 

 Innocent plants, mucilaginous, with a very tough fibrous bark. 



§ 1. Antliers all borne in a duster at the top of the short tuiie of filaments. 

 « Ovaries numerous and separate, crowded in a head, in fruit becoming little 1-seeded 

 pods or akenes. Involucre conspicuous as a sort qf' outer calyx. Herbs. 



1. MALOPE. Involucre of 3 ovate or heart-shaped leaves. Annuals. 



2. KITAIBEMA. Involucre of 6 - 9 ovate and pointed leaves united at the base. 



Perennial. 

 * * Ovaries several or many united in a ring around an axis, in fruit commonly 

 falling away separately, each l-seeded. Ours are all herbs. 



4- Stigmas running dmcn the side oftlie slender styles. 



3. ALTH^A. Involucre of 6 - 9 bracts united at the base. Axis of the fruit not 



projecting nor enlarged. 



4. LAV.AiTERA. Involucre of 3 - 6 more united bracts. Axis of the fruit over- 



topping the carpels. 



5. MALVA. Involucre of only 3 separate bracts. Petals obcordate, otherwise 



entire. Carpels beakless. 



6. CALLIRRHOE. Involucre of 1 - 3 bracts or none. Petals wedge-shaped and 



truncate, denticulate or cut-fringed at the end. Carpels with a sort of beak 

 at the summit. 



7. NAP.SA. Involucre none. Flowers dioecious ! 



..- H- Stigmas capitate or truncate at Oie apex of the styles. 



8. ANODA. Involucre none. Fruit depressed, very flat and star-sh.iped, the 



sides of the uumoous carpels evanescent: seed nearly horizontal. 



9. Sid A. Involucre none. Fruit separating into 6 or more closed carpels, or 



each 2-valved at the apex : seed hanging. 



» • * Ovaries and cells of the fruit 2 - several-seeded. 

 10. ABUTILON. Involucre none. Carpels each 3 - several-seeded. 

 IL MODIOLA. Involucre of 3 bractlets. Carpels each 2-seeded, with a cross 

 partition between the upper and lower seed. 



§ 2. Anthers borna along the outside of the tube of fiUmients. Ovary and fruit 3- 

 several-celled : stigmas capitate. Involucre present. Berbs, shrubs, or trees. 



» Involucre of several or many bracts. 



12. MALVA VISCUS. Branches of the style and stigmas 10, twice as many as the 



cells of the ovary. Petals not separating and spreading. Fruit berry-like: 

 cells 1-seeded. 



13. KOSTELETZKYii. Branches of the style and stigmas 5. Pod S-celled; the 



cells single-seeded. 



14. HIBISCUS. Branches of the style or stigmas and cells of the ovary 6. Pod 



6-celled, loculicidal; the cells many-seeded. 



» • Involucre ofS large and heart-shaped leaf-like bracts. 



15. GOSSYPrUM. Styles united into one: stigmas 3 -6, as many as the cells of 



the pod. Seeds numerous, bearing cotton. 



