128 ROSE FAMILY. 



15. CRATiEGUS, HAWTHOllN, WHITK THORSr. (01.1 Greek 

 name.) Small trees or shrubs, with hard wood; flowers white, except in 

 some yarieties of English Hawthorn, in spring or early summer ; ripening the 

 red or reddish fmit mostly in autumn. 



§ 1 . Flowers many in the cwymb, small , ivith 5 styles ; fmit not larrjer than small 

 peas, scarlet or coral-red : leaves, Sj^c, smooth or nearly so, 



C. Pyrac&ntlia, Evergreen Thorn. Planted for ornament and spar- 

 ingly nat. from S. Penn. S. (from S. Europe) : shrub 4° - 6°, with the shining 

 evergreen leaves lance-spatulate and crenulate, only 1' long, and small clusters 

 of flowers terminating short branches. 



C. spathul^ta. Tall shrub or low tree, from Virginia S., with almost 

 evergreen shining spatulate leaves, crenate towards the apex, or on vigorous 

 shoots cut-lobed, and with hardly any petiole. 



C. cord^ta, Washington T. Small tree, from Virg. and Kentucky S., 

 and has been planted for hedges ; has broadly triangular-ovate or heart-shaped 

 thinnish leaves, often 3 - 5-clef't or cut and serrate, on slender petiole. 



§ 2. Flowers many in the corymb, middle-sized : fruit coral-red, ovoid, ratlier small. 



C. arbor6sceilS. River-banks far S. : tree with few stout thorns or none, 

 thin oblong serrate leaves acute at both ends, on slender petioles ; styles 5. 



C. Oxyac^ntha, English Hawthorn. Planted from En. for orna- 

 ment and hedges ; tree or shrub with obovate smooth leaves wedge-shaped at 

 base, cut-lobed and toothed above; styles 2 or 3, rarely only 1. With single or 

 double, white, rose, or pink-red flowers. 



C. apiifolia, Parsley-leaved T. Common S. Small tree soft-downy 

 when young ; the leaves smoothish with age, pinnatifid, the 5-7 lobes crowded, 

 cut and toothed ; petioles slender ; styles 1 - 3. 



§ 3. -Flowers many in the corymE, large ; the calyx-teeth with the bracts and 

 stipules ojlen beset with glands : fruit edible, ha/fan inch or more long, its 

 cells or stones and the styles variable in number, 1-5. All tall shrubs or 

 low trees, of thickets and rocky banks, or planted. 



C. coeeinea. Scarlet-fruited T. Smooth, with the leaves thin, round- 

 ish-ovate, sharply cut-toothed or lobed, on slender petioles, the coral or scarlet 

 fi-uit much smaller than in the next and hardly eatable. 



C. tomentdsa, Pear or Black T. Downy or soft-hairy when young ; 

 the leaves thickish, oval, ovate, or obovate, shai-ply toothed or cut, below ab- 

 ruptly narrowed into a margined petiole, the upper surface impressed along the 

 mam veins or ribs ; flowers often 1' broad, and scarlet or orange fruit from two 

 thirds to three fourths of an inch long, pleasant-tasted. Of many varieties : the 

 two which differ most from the common one with the well-flavored fruit are : 

 Var. PUNCTATA, with smaller and \vedgc-ohovate leaves irreo-ularly toothed 

 towards the summit, and dull red and yellowish fmit, sometimes white-dotted. 

 Var. m6llis, of the Western States, with rounded soft-downy leaves, not taper- 

 ing but sometimes even heart-shaped at base, sharply doubly toothed and cut; 

 truit dull red and less pleasant-tasted. 



C. Crus-gd,lli, CocKSPUR T. Smooth ; the wcdge-obovate or ohlancco- 

 late leaves thick and firm, deep-green and glossy, serrate above the middle, ta- 

 pering into a very short petiole ; thorns vcrv long and sharp ; fruit bright red. 

 Xhe best species for hedges : has both narrow and broad-leaved varieties. 



§ 4. Flowers solitan/, in pair.i, or only 3-6 in the con/mb ; sti/ks, and celh, 

 4 - 5 : leaves mostly pubescent underneath : fruit often eatable. 



C. jBstivilis, Summer Haw of S. States. Along pine-barron ponds, 

 irom b. Car. b. & W. : tree with spatulate or wedge-obovate coriaceous leaves,' 

 crenate above the middle, no glands, 3 - 5-flowered peduncles, and large red 

 juiOT fruit, pleasantly acid, used for tarts, &c. : ripe in summer. 



C. flava. Yellow or Summer Haw. Sandy soil, from Virginia S. : 

 small tree, with wedge-obovate leaves downy or smoothish, toothed .or cut above 

 the middle, the tettn or margins ana snort pet.oie glandular ; the ueai--shaped 

 or globular fruit yellowish, greenish, or tinged with red ' 



