130 CALTCANTHUS FAMILY. 



v. speet^tailis, Chinese Flowerino-A. Cult from China, for its 

 showy bright rose-colored flowers, which aie double or semi-double ; the leaves 

 &c, smooth, except when very young. 



P. prunitoUa, Siberiait Ckab-A. Cult, for the fruit : smooth or 

 nearly so, except the newly developed leaves and the peduncles ; styles woolly 

 at the base ; fruit yellowish. The better Crab-Apples are perhaps crosses of 

 this with the Common Apple. 



» * Wild species, with some of the leaves irregularly cut-tootlied, or even lohed : 

 the bright rose-colored flowers and the greenish fruit very fragrant. 



P. eoron^ria, Ameeicajj or Oakland Crae-A. Glades from W. New 

 York W. & S. : small tree, soon smooth, with the mostly ovate leaves rounded 

 or obscurely heart-shaped at b.-iso and inclined to be 3-lobed. 



P. angustif61ia, NARiiow-LEAvr.D Chab-A. Glades W. & S., with 

 narrow-oblong or lanceolate leaves : bthervvise too like the last. 



§ 3. Chokeberet. Leaves simple, the upper fare with some small glands along 



the midrib: flowers {white] in compound cymes terminating the brandies: 



styles united at base : fruit herry-like. 



P. arbutifdlia, Common ChokebeerT. Low^ woods and bogs ; shnib 



with small obovate or oblong finely scn-ato leaves, and a juicy insipid berry, not 



larger than a pea, either purple or black, pear-shaped or globular. 



§ 4. Rowan-Treb or Mocnt.vin-Ash. Leaves odd-pinnate, of several 



(9-17) leaflets : flowers (numerous and white) in ample compound flat 



cymes terminating' the branches of the season : fruit berry-like, scarlet-red 



when ripe. Trees oflen planted for ornament, especially fl>r the clusters of 



showy fruit in autumn. 



P. Americana, American Mountain-Ash. S!ender tree or tall shnib, 



wild in the cooler districts ; smooth or soon becoming so, with lanceolate 



- taper-pointed and shai-ply serrate bright-green leaflets on a reddish stalk, pointed 



and smooth glutinous leaf-buds, and bsnies not lai-ger than peas. 



P. sanibucif61ia, Elder-leaved R. or M. Wild along the northern 

 frontiers ; smooth or nearly so, with oblong or lance-ovatc and blunt or ab- 

 ruptly short-pointed leaflets, coai'sely serrate with more spi^cading teeth, spar- 

 ingly hairy leaf-buds, and larger bonies. 



P. aucup&ria, European R. or M. Planted from En. ; forms a good- 

 sized tree, with oblong and obtuse paler leaflets, their lower surface, stalks, and 

 the leaf-buds downy; and the berries larger (J' in diameter). 



20. CTDONIA, QUINCE. (Named from a city in Crete.) 



C. vulgaris, Common Quince. Cult, from the Levant ; small tree, 

 nearly thornless, wjth oval or ovate entire lc;ivcs (Lessons, p. 5.5, fig. S3) cot- 

 tony beneath ; flowers solitary at the end of the Icai'y branches of the season, in 

 late" spring, with leafy calyx-lobes, white or pale-rose petals, and stamens in a 

 single row ; the large and hard fruit peai--shaped, or in one variety apple-shaped, 

 fragrant ; seeds mucilaginous. 



C. Japonica, Japan Quince (also named Ptrus Japonica). Thoi-ny, 

 smooth, widely branched shnib, from Japan ; cult, for the large showy flowci-s, 

 which are iH'odueed in spring, earlier than the oval or wedge-oblong leaves, on 

 side spurs, in great abundance, single or more or less double, scarlet-red, or 

 sometimes with rose-colored or even almost white varieties ; calyx with short 

 and rounded lobes-; fruit green, very hard, resembling a small apple, but totally 

 uneatable. 



39. CALYCANTHACE^, CALYCANTHUS FAMILY. 



Shrubs with opposite entire leaves, no stipules, sepals and petals 

 imbricated and indefinite in number and passing one into the other, 

 stamens few or many with anthers turned outwards, all these parts 

 on a hollow receptacle or calyx-cup in the manner of a rose-hip, 



