204 C05IP0SITE FAMILT. 



« Dish dark purple, contrasting with the yellow rays. 

 ^- Leaves hng and linear, l-nerved, entire, sessile: heads small and tnostly 

 corymbed: involucre of leaflike spreading scales. 



H. angustifdlius, of pine-barrens from New Jersey S., has slender rougli 

 stems 2° - 6° high, lower leaves opposite and rough. 



H. orgy&,lis, of Kansas and Arkansas, cult., has stems (6° -10° high), and 

 crowded very narrow alternate leaves smooth : fl. late. 



-h- H- Lpares oval or lanceolate, opposite: stems 1° -3° high, hearing solitary or 

 ftw tong-pedunckd rather large heads: involucre of short close scales. 



H. heteroph^llus, of low pine-han-ens S. ; rather hairy, with lowest 

 leaves oval or oblong, upper ones lance-linear and few ; scales of involucre 

 lanceolate. 



H. rigidus, of dry prairies W. & S. ; rough, with thick firm leaves lance- 

 obiong or the lower oval ; scales of the involucre ovate or oblong, blunt. 



# » Disk yellow as well as the rays, or hardly dingy-brownish. 



*- Scales of the involucre short' and broadly lanceolate, regularly imbricated, without 



leaf4ike tips: leaves nearly all opposite and nearly entire. 



H. OCCident&lis, of dry barrens from Ohio W. & S. : somewhat hairy, 

 with slender simple stems 1° - 3° high, sending off runners from base, naked 

 above, bearing 1-5 heads ; lowest leaves ovate or lance-ovate ; upper ones 

 narrow, small and distant. 



H. mollis, of same situations, is soft white-woolly all over, 2° -4° high, 

 leafy to the top, the leaves heart-ovate and partly clasping. 



•t- -1- Scales of the involucre looser and leafy -tipped : stems leafy to the top. 

 ■>-*■ Leaves chiefly alternate and not triple-ribbed. 

 H. gigant^US, common in low grounds N. ; rough and rather hairy, 3° - 

 10° high, with lanceolate serrate nearly sessile leaves, and pale yellow rays. 



++ -w- Leaves mainly opposite, except in the last, S-ribbed at base or triple-ribbed. 



H. divarie^tUS, common in dry sterile soil, has smooth stem I°-3° high, 

 rough ovate-lanceolate leaves tapering to a point and 3-nerved at the rounded 

 sessile base. 



H. hirsfltus, only W., dilFers from the preceding in its rough-hairy stem 

 1° - 2° high, and leaves with naiTower base more or less petioled. 



H. strumosus, common in low grounds, has mostly smooth stems 3° -4° 

 high, broadly lanceolate or lance-ovate leaves rough above and whitish or white- 

 downy beneath, their margins beset with fine appressed teeth, and petioles short 

 and margined. 



H. decap^talus, so named because (like the preceding) it commonly has 

 10 rays ; common along streams, has branching stems 3° - 6° high, thin and 

 bright-green smoothish ovate leaves coarsely toothed and abruptly contracted 

 into margined petioles ; scales of the involucre long and loose. 



H. tUberdsus, Jerusalem Artichoke (i. e. Girasole or Sunflower in 

 Italian, coiTupted in England into Jerusalem ) : cult, for the tubers and ran 

 wild in fence-rows, probably a state of a wild S. AV. species ; 5° -7° high, with 

 triple-ribbed ovate petioled leaves, rough-hairy as well as the stems, all the 

 upper ones alternate, the running rootstocks ending'in ovate or oblong edible 

 tubers. 



58. HELI6PSIS, ox-eye. (Greek-made name, from the likeness to 

 Sunflower. ) 



H. iKVis, our only species, common in rich or low grounds, rcsemh'es 

 a Sunflower of the last section, but has pistillate r.iys and 4-sided akenes with- 

 out pappus : 1° - 4° high, smooth ; leaves ovate or lance-ovate, triple-ribbed, 

 petiplcd, serrate ; head of golden-yellow flowers terminating the branches, in 

 summer, y. 



