coMPOsiTj: FAMiir. 203 



69. BUDB:6CKIA, cone-flower. (Named for iJudAect, father and 

 son, Swedish botanists.) The following are the commonest species, all 

 natives of this country : fl. summer. 



§ 1. Disk broadly conical^ dark-coloredf the soft chaff TUit pointed: rough-hairy 

 plunts 1° - 2° high, leaji/ below, the naked summit of thi stems or branch::! 

 bearing single showy heads : leaves simple. 2/ 



B. specibsa, from Penn. W. & S., and cult, in some gardens ; leaves lan- 

 ceolate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed at both ends, 3 - 5-neiTcd, petioled, coarsely 

 toothed or cut. 



K. hirta, common in open ground W. & S., introduced into meadows E. 

 with clover-seed ; stems stout and mostly simple ; leaves nearly entire, triple- 

 rihhed, oblong-lanceolate or the lowest spatulate, the upper sessile. . 



§ 2. Disk conical, dark-purple, th& chaff awn-pointed: lower leaves often pinnatdy 

 parted or Z-clefl. @ 



R. triloba, from Penn. to 111. & S. ; hairy, 2° - 5° high, much branched, 

 with upper leaves lance-ovate and toothed, and the numerous small heads with 

 only about 6 rays. 



§ 3. Disk globular, pale dull brownish {recqjtacle sweet-scented), the chaff blunt 

 and downy at the end ; lower leaves S-parted. ^ 



R. subtomentbsa, of the prairies and plains W. ; somewhat downy, with 

 leafy stems 3° - 5° high, ovate or lance-ovate serrate upper leaves and short- 

 peduncled heads. 



§ 4. Disk oblong, or in fruit cylindrical and 1' hng, greenish yellow, the chaff very 

 blunt and downy at the end : leaves all compound or cleft. % 



R. lacinidita, Common Cone-Ei>owee, in low thickets ; 3° - 7° high, 

 smooth, branching above ; lowest leaves pinnate with 5-7 cut or cleft leaflets, 

 upper ones 3 - 5-parted, or the uppermost undivided ; heads long-peduncied, 

 with linear drooping rays l'-2' long. 



60. IiiEPACHYS. (Supposed to be formed from Greek words for thick 

 andscafe.) Eeceptacle anise-scented when crushed. Fl. summer. 



L. pinnata, in dry soil from W. New York W. & S. : minutely roughish 

 and slightly hoary ; the slender leafy stems 3° - 5° high, bearing leaves of 3 - 7 

 lanceolate leaflets, and somewhat corymbed heads with the oval or oblong disk 

 much shorter than the oblong drooping yellow rays ; akenes scarcely 2-toothed, 

 flattish, the inner edge hardly wing-margined. 21 



L. COlumn^riS, of the plains W. of the Mississippi ; cult, for ornament ; 

 l°-2° high, with single or few long-peduncled heads, their cylindrical disk often 

 becoming 2' long, and longer than the 5-8 broad drooping rays, these either 

 yellow, or var. pulcherrim A, with the base or lower half brown-purple ; akenes 

 1 - 2-toothed at top and winged down one edge. y. 



61. DRACOPIS. (Name refers in some obscure way to a Dragon.) ® 



D. amplexicaillis, wild far S. W., sometimes cult, for ornament ; smooth, 

 l°-2° high, with clasping heart-shaped pale leaves, and long-peduncled heads, 

 Hke those of the preceding, the broad rays mostly shorter than the cylindrical 

 disk, and either yellow or the lower part brown-purple. 



62. ECHIITACEA, HEDGEHOG CONE-FLOWER. (Name means like 

 a hedgehog, viz. receptacle with prickly pointed chaff.) Fl. summer. ^ 



E. purpiirea, in prairies and open grounds from W. Penn. W. & S. : 

 stems l°-2° high from a thick and black pungent-tasted root (called B/act 

 Sampson by qnack-doctors), bearing ovate or lanceolate 5-nerved and veiny 

 leaves, the lower long-petioled, and terminated by a large head;, rays 15-20, 

 dull rose-purple. 



E. angustifblia, from Wisconsin S., is a more slender form, with narrow 

 lanceolate 3-nerved entire leaves, and 12 - 15 brighter-colored rays. 



