PKIMROSE FAMILY. 223 



* • From a depressed or biscull-shnped Jleshy corm. 

 8. CYCLAMEN. Flower resembling that of Dodecatheon, but only one on a 

 scape or stalk. xVnthers sessile, pointed. 



§ 2. With h-nfy stems, the leaves simple and chief y entire, 

 * In one whorl at the summ.it of the slender stem : parts of the f outer 7. 

 i. TEIENTALIS. Calyx and corolla wheel-shaped, of mostly 7 divisions united 

 only at base, those of the former linear-lanceolate, of the latter oblong, _of 

 both pointed. Filaments tmited in a ring at base : anthers oblong, curving 

 when old. Flowers white. 



* * In pairs or whorls along the stems : parts of thefower mostly 5. 

 B. LYSIMACHIA. Corolla yellow, wheel-shaped, 6-pafted (or rarely of 5, 6, or 

 even 7 nearly or quite separate narrow petals). Filaments beardless, often 

 raonadelphous at base. Pod splitting into valves. ; 



6. ANAGALLIS. Corolla red, blue, or white, wheel-shaped, the 5 divisions broad. 



Filaments bearded. Pod (a pyxis) open. by a transverse division, the top 

 falling off as a lid, many-seeded. 



* * * Alternate leaves along the branching stems ; base of calyx and ovary coherent. 



7. SAMOLUS. ■ Calyx B-cleft. Corcjla beil-shaped, 5-cleft, with a little body 



like a sterile filament in the clefts. Stamens included. Pod many-seeded, 

 splitting into 5 valves. Flowers small, white, in racemes. 



§ 3. With hollow inflated leafy stems ; the leaves whirried or scattered, the lower ones 

 pinnately parted ; paj'ts of thefoiuer 5. 



8. HOTTONIA. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla short salver-shaped : stamens included. 



Pod opening by 5 clefts down the side, many-seeded. Flowers small, in 

 whorls along the upper part of the stem and branches. 



1. PRIMULA, PRIMROSE, COWSLIP, &c. (Name from primis, 

 spring, from the flowering-time of true Primrose.) Jl Two small species 

 are scarce along our northern torders (see Manual) ; the following are the 

 common ones cult, for ornament. 



# Tender house-plant, with inflated conical calyx, and round-heart-shaped 7-9- 



lobed leaves. 



P. Sinensis, Chinese Primrose, a downy plant, with often proliferous 

 umbels of large and showy flowers, purple, rose, or white, sometimes double, 

 in one variety cut-fringed. 



* # Hardy or nearly .10, from Eu , with large tuhular or oblong-bell-shaped angh-d 



calyx, and wrinkled-veiny oblong or spatuiate leaves tapering into short iving- 

 margined petioles : flowtrs natundly yellow, in spring. 



P. grandifl6ra (or ACAdLis), True Primrose, has leaves somewhat 

 hairy beneath, and the large flowers rising on slender pedicels from their axils, 

 thcproper scapes not developed ; corolla flat, sulphur-yellow. 



P.- officinalis (or viEis), English Cowslip; somewhat pubescent with 

 minute pale down, scapes bearing the umbels above the leaves, much smaller 

 flowers of deeper color, and the limb of corolla rather concave or cup-like, the 

 throat commonly orange. The sorts of Polyanthus arc cultivated, varieties, 

 with flowers enlarged, of various colors, or partycolored, often more or less 

 double. 



• » * Scarcely hardy N., with bell-shaped calyx much shorter than the funnel- 



shaped corolla, and smooth and thick obovate leaves, mostly covered with 

 some fine- mealiness. 



P. Auricula, Auricula, of Southern Europe ; low, with sessile leaves, 

 and scape bearing a few fragrant flowers, these pale yellow, with varieties white, 

 purple, or of various hues, sometimes full double. 



2. DODECATHEON. (Fanciful name, from Greek for twelve gods.) 2/ 

 D. Me^dia, called Shooting-Star at the West, or sometimes Americajt 



Cowslip : in rich open woods from Penn. S. and especially W., and cult, for 

 ornament ; smooth, with a cluster of oblong or spatuiate leaves around the base 



