PALifiONTOLOGICAL REPORT OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 531 



Opposite Caseyville, on the Illinois side of the Ohio river, there is 

 a bed of coal belonging to Dr. Long, which, following topographical 

 indications, is placed below the conglomsrates, and indicated as Batte- 

 ry-rock coal. This coal is, without doubt, above the conglomerates, 

 and from the plants and fossil remains of the roof shales, is the same 

 as our No. 1 . The appearance of the shales is, however, different. 

 The marine element being less predominent, the sh lies grayish col- 

 ored, and full of well preserved remains of plants. The whole flora of 

 the low coal is there — Stigmaria, Lepidodendron, Lepidostrobus, and ma- 

 ny other fruits, with large leaves of ferns, especially Peeopteris lonchitica. 

 As the bed is not worked, and the shales are very brittle, we had to 

 study them on the place, and it was not possible to collect good speci- 

 mens, except a very large and well preserved root of Stigmaria. 



At Union mines, Crittenden county, twenty miles below Caseyville, 

 the characteristic fossils of No. 1 coal, are still more numerous, and in 

 a better state of preservation. The shales there are thick and well 

 developed. First, the sandstone shales, with Stigmaria; then, in 

 some places above the coal, the black shales, with Lepidostrobus and 

 the Lingula ; and still oftener, the gray soft shales, full of plants, espe- 

 cially Peeopteris lonchitica and Sphenopteris. The coal itself is ordi- 

 narily topped by a few inches of cannel, and its bottom has always the 

 rash coal, with the same remains of plants, as we have enumerated be- 

 fore. The shales at Union mine would have afforded a good opportu- 

 nity for collecting and studying a great number of species of fossil 

 plants, had they not been softened by rain, and our specimens nearly 

 all broken by transportation. The species which were left entire 

 enough to be just distinguishable, are the following : 1. Alethopteris 

 sinuata, BrgH. 2. Alethopteris lonchitica, Brg't. 3. Sphenopteris 

 tridactilites, Brg't. &. Spenopteris intermedia, Lsq'x. 5. Asterophil- 

 lites avails, Lsq'x. 6. Calamites Suckovii, Brg't. 7. Lepidodendron 

 polilum, Sp. Nov. 8. Two other species of Lepidodendron, (broken.) 

 9. Lepidophloios rugosus, Lsq'x. 10. Lycopodites Sticlerianus. Gopp ? 



Ilawesvilte coal. Passing to the eastern part of the western coal- 

 fields of Kentucky, we had first a good opportunity of exploring the 

 lowest bed of coal at Hawesville, Hancock county, where it is exten- 

 sively worked. The coal, three feet ten inches to four feet thick, is 

 cannel at the top, and reposes upon six inohea of rash coal, containing 



