m 



Ap. A , 



■^ 

 ■^ 





-y ^-^*^. 



^Il 1%^^ 







Fig. 118. A fern ( Aspidium), showing three large branching leaves coming from a 

 horizontal subterranean stem (ruotstock); young leaves are al)?o shown, which 

 show circinate vernation. Thf stem, young leaves, and petioles? of the large 

 k';iv(;s are thickly covered with protecting hairs. The stem gives rise to numerous 

 small roots from its lower surface. Tlie figure marked ;; represents the under sur- 

 fjiee of a portion of the leaf, showing seven sori with shield-like indusia; at 5 is 

 represented a section through a sorus. slmwing the .'Sporangia attaclied and pro- 

 tected by the indusium; while at 6' is rc|ireseuted a single sporangium opening 

 and dischurging its spores, the heavy annulus extending along the back and over 

 the top.— After Wossidlo. 



