4 
NECESSARY EQUIPMENT FOR FIRST SEASON. 
Assuming that the beekeeper obtains only one movable-frame hive and wishes 
to produce bulk-comb honey, the following equipment will be needed for the 
first season : Sa 
One ten-frame Langstroth hive, nailed and painted, consisting of the fol- 
lowing named parts (these should be specified in the order to prevent mis- 
takes) : 
1 bottom-board, % inch thick. 
1 ten-frame hive-body (without division board). 
10 self-spacing frames (wired). 
1 telescoping double cover. 
3 ten-frame shallow extracting supers with frames (without division- 
boards), one nailed for guide and the others “knock-down” if desired. 
1 wood-wire queen-excluder. ° 
1% lbs. medium-brood comb-foundation for brood body. 
1% lbs. thin-super comb-foundation for supers. 
1 smoker, medium size. 
1 veil (homemade or purchased). 
1 screwdriver or hive-tool. 
Printed directions for putting foundation in frames should be requested 
when ordering this equipment. The foundation should not be in the frames 
when shipped because it is likely to arrive in damaged condition. The first 
hive purchased should be assembled so that it may be used as a guide, but 
additional hives should be purchased “knock-down” to save expense. <All 
hives should be painted before being used. White paint is preferred. 
Dealers in beekeepers’ supplies will be glad to furnish catalogs. If direc- 
tions are followed, in normal years enough honey should be secured the first 
season to cover all expenses for equipment. 
SWARM PREVENTION. 
The idea is very common in the State that swarming is desirable. Often 
the result is that the colony easts one large swarm and one or more smaller 
ones. None of these produce surplus honey, and none, except the first swarm, 
survive the winter. Consequently the beekeeper frequently has the same num- 
ber of colonies the following spring as he did the spring previous—and no 
honey. 
Colonies which do not swarm are, as a rule, the ones which gather the 
largest crops, so that if swarming can be prerented, larger crops of honey will 
be secured. With the bees in moyable-frame hives, control of swarming be- 
comes a possibility. 
Three readily controlled conditions influence the disposition of a colony to 
swarm: (1) lack of empty cells in which the queen can lay her eges, (2) lack 
of combs for the storage of honey, and (3) lack of ventilation. AN er beds are 
seen fanning at the entrance, the opening should be enlarged to full size. This 
will bartly supply the lack of ventilation and in some cases will be sufficient 
but if, at any time, the hees hang out at the hive entrance, the hive should be 
coe ee bottom-board by one-inch blocks under the front corners a 
aie ae this is still insufficient. blocks should be placed under the back 
A ten-frame hive will usually be sufficiently 
needed by an ordinary queen for Oe la vine: f 
once a week during the swarming season and 
grmne will rarely occur under North C 
able queens however can fill more than eC i : 
order to get the largest possible number oo Be oes ee eases 
the honey-flow, another hire-body may be proy 1 a 
large to provide the room 
If the brood-nest is examined 
( all queen-cells are destroyed 
arolina conditions. The most desir- 
In 
at the beginning of 
ided for such queens for brood- 
