TITLE IV. 

 LIABILITIES OF OWNERS OF ANIMALS. 



CHAPTER III. 



VICIOUS AND FEROCIOUS ANIMALS. 



92. Wild and dangerous animals. 95. Evidence. 



93. Negligence and contributory 96. Liability of owner or keeper; 



negligence. joint and several liability. 



94. Scienter. 97- Action; pleading; damages. 



92. Wild and Dangerous Animals — Where an animal is of a 

 species known to be wild and ferocious, the mere keeping of 

 it subjects the owner or keeper to liability for any injury done 

 by it, irrespective of any negligence in the keeping or any 

 knowledge of the particular animal's disposition. Thus, 

 where a bear was kept tied in a city and A.'s hired boy, not 

 in his presence, teased him, and the bear, breaking loose, at- 

 tacked and killed A., a club that kept the bear were held liable, 

 including one who was absent and knew nothing of the bear, 

 — the court saying, "Animals of this kind, such as lions, tigers, 

 bears, are universally recognized as dangerous. It is the 

 duty of those who own or keep them to keep them in such 

 a manner as to prevent them from doing harm, under any cir- 

 cumstances, whether provoked, as they are liable to be, or 

 not provoked. There must be security against them, under 

 all contingencies." ^ This was also held to be true of a wolf, 



' Vredenburg v. Behan, 33 La. Ann. 627. See also, as to bears, Besozzi 

 V. Harris, i F. & F. 92; Wyatt v. Rosherville Gardens Co., 2 Times L. 

 Rep. 282. And see Spring Co. v. Edgar, 99 U. S. 645 

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