638 LIABILITY IRRESPECTIVE OF FENCING LAWS. 



rests partly on the ground that the company was shown 

 not to be in fault so far as the presence of the animals on 

 the track was concerned, there being either a lawful fence 

 or none being required. By statute now in many of the 

 States, the fact of injury or death is made prima facie evidence 

 of negligence, sometimes only in cases where the company 

 has failed to fence properly, sometimes irrespective of any 

 such obligation.*"^ Such statutes are in force in Alabama,*"^ 



Co. V. Anderson, 33 Ga. no; Chic. & N. R. Co. v. Barrie, 55 111. 226; 

 Jeffersonville, M. & I. R. Co. v. Huber, 42 Ind. 173; Eddy v. Lafayette, 

 49 Fed. Rep. 798; Comstock v. Des Moines V. R. Co., 32 la. 376; 

 Schneir v. Chic, R. I. & P. R. Co., 40 id. 337; Day v. New Orleans 

 Pac. R. Co., 36 La. Ann. 244; Knight v. New Orleans, O. & G. W. R. 

 Co., 15 id. 105; Locke v. St. Paul & P. R. Co., 15 Minn. 350; Mobile & 

 O. R. Co. V. Hudson, 50 Miss. 572; Wasson v. McCook, 70 Mo. App. 

 393; Warren v. Chic, M. & St. P. R. Co., 59 id. 367; Brown v. Hannibal 

 & St. J. R. Co., 33 Mo. 309; Burlington & M. R. R. Co. v. Wendt, 12 Neb. 

 76; Walsh V. Virginia & T. R. Co., 8 Nev. no; Atchison, T. & S. F. R. 

 Co, V. Walton, 3 N. M. 530; Terry v. N. Y. Cent. R. Co., 22 Barb. (N. 

 Y.) S74; Scott V. Wilm. & R. R. Co., 4 Jones L. (N. C.) 432; Pittsb., 

 Cine & St. L. R. Co. v. McMillan, 37 O. St. 554; Same v. Heiskell, 38 id. 

 666; Bettye v. Houston & C. T. R. Co., 26 Tex. 604; Lyndsay v. Conn. & 

 P. R. R. Co., 27 Vt. 643; Orange, A. & M. R. Co. v. Miles, 76 Va. 773; 

 Talbott V. W. Va., C. & P. R. Co., 42 W. Va. 560; McMillan v. Ma. & N. 

 R. Co., 4 Ma. 220. 



See, as to presumptions and burden of proof in general, i Rap. & 

 Mack Dig. Ry. Law 301, 307, 311. 



*" See II Am. & Eng. R. R. Cas. N. S. 849, 851 n. 



"' E. Tenn., V. & G. R. Co. v. Bayliss, 74 Ala. 150; Ala. Gr. South. R. 

 Co. V. McAIpine, 80 id. 73; South & North Ala. R. Co. v. Bees, 82 id. 

 340; Nashville, C. & St. L. R. Co. v. Hembree, 85 id. 481; Louisville & 

 N. R. Co. V. Kelsey, 89 id. 287; Savannah & W. R. Co. v. Jarvis, 95 id. 

 149; Chattanooga S. R. Co. v. Daniel (Ala.), 25 South. Rep. 197. 



In Montgomery & E. R. Co. v. Ferryman, 91 Ala. 413, the rule was held 

 not to apply to a case where the statutory signals could not have been 

 given, as where a standing freight-car broke loose and ran over a cow. 

 But this decision was overruled in Birmingham Mineral R. Co v Harris 

 •98 id. 326. 



That the plaintiff is not required to prove affirmatively that the train 

 was run by the defendant, see South & North Ak; R. Co v Pilgreen 62 

 id. 305. 



