78 TRAPPING WILD ANIMALS 
near him, and he gradually becomes more docile. 
During these two weeks he is fed very lightly be- 
cause he must be kept in a weakened condition. 
After two or three weeks, according to the dis- 
position of the elephant, ropes are again attached to 
his feet, and he is led out of the stocks. This time 
he wears only the knee-hobbles, which allow him 
more play. Eight or ten men hold each of the ropes; 
his keeper sits on his head with a prod; another 
crew hold the rope attached to his trunk; and six 
or eight men follow with rattan whips. The men 
with the whips beat him continually. At first, in the 
excitement, he does not mind the whipping; then 
he finds the pain unbearable. The men on the trunk- 
ropes lead him about from right to left, while the 
men on the foot-ropes stand ready to trip him if 
he tries to bolt. At last he gives a bellow of pain 
and the whipping stops. 
This one bellow marks a surprising change in the 
animal. His spirit is broken and he acknowledges 
that man is his master. The fact that he is instantly 
fed and petted helps him to make up his mind, of 
course, and to forget about the old, wild ways of 
the jungle. Thereafter, a keeper who does not 
deliberately make him angry can handle him easily. 
His schooling is brief and he learns readily to turn, 
kneel, back and pull. In return he is given plenty... 
of food and is tied to a tree instead of being put in 
the stocks. 
It occasionally happened that an elephant refused 
