CHAPTER II. 



HISTORY OF THE APPLE. 



DrPFicni.TiES rs the outset — apple a oEHEnic term, as cork 13 



POK DIPFEUEJIT GRAINS ; BIBLE AND UISTORIC USE OF THE WORD 

 TUEBBPORE UNCERTAIN — ETTMOLOOT OP THE WORD — BOTANICAL 

 CHARACTERS — IMPBOVABILITT OF THE APPLE — NATIVE COOKTKT 



— CRUDE NOTIONS OP EARLT VARIETIES — 1'LINT'S ACCOUNT EX- 

 PLAINED — CHARLATAN GRAFTING — INTRODUCTION INTO BRITAIN — 

 ORIGINAL SORTS THERE — GERARD'S LIST OP SEVEN — HE URGES 

 ORCHARD PLANTING — RECH'E FOR POMATUM — DERIVATION OP THE 

 WORD — VIRGIL'S ADVICE AS TO GRAFTING — PLINY'S EULOGY OF 

 THE APPLE; WILL OURS SURVIVE AS LONG? — PLINY'S LIST OP 

 29 — ACCIDENTAL ORIGIN OF OUR FRUITS — CROSSING — LORD BA- 

 CON'S GUESS — BRADLEY'S ACCOUNT — SUCCESS IN THE NETHER- 

 LANDS — MR. knight's EXPERIMENTS — HYBRIDS INFERTILE — 

 LIMITS, NONE NATURAL — LIMITS OP SPECIES — HERBERT'S VIEWS 



— DIFFICULTIES ATTEND CllOSSING ALSO — NO MOLES — KIRTLAND'S 

 EXPERIMENTS AND RESULTS OP — VAN MONS' THEORY — ILLINOIS 

 RESULTS — RUNNING OUT OP VARIETIES. 



In attempting to trace out the historj' of any plant that 

 has long been subjected to the dominion of man, we are 

 beset with difficulties growing out of tlio uncertainty of 

 language, and arising also from the absence of precise terms 

 of" science in the descriptions or allusions which we meet 

 20 



