CHAPTER in. 



PItOPAGATION.— SECTION I. 



ALL GROWTH IS DEPENDANT UPON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CEl LS — rHE 

 SEED AND THE BUD; TUBIIt RESEMBLANCE — TUB INDIVipUALI- 

 TT OF BUDS — THE BASIS OF ALL PROPAGATION — BUDS ARE DEVKL- 

 OPED INTO TWIGS ; HAVE POWER OF EMITTING ROOTS — IMPORTANCE 



OF THE STUOr OF CELL-GROWTH BY CUTTINGS: PREPARATION 



AND SELECTION — HEEL-CUTTINGS — SOFT WOOD — HARD WOOD — 

 SEASONS FOR EACH — FALL PLANTING — THE CALLUS, OR DEVELOP- 

 MENT OF CELL-GROWTH — BOTTOM HE^'; WHY BENEFICIAL — WHY 

 SPRING CDTTINGS FAIL — STIMULUS OF LIGHT UPON THE BUDS, 

 CAUSES THEM TO EXPAND, AND THE LEAVES EVAPORATE TOO FREE- 

 LY — ROOT CUTTINGS ; DIFFERENT FRUITS THUS PROPAGATED 



BY SUCKERS : OBJECTIONS TO ANSWERED — SUCKER ORCHARDS ; 

 BEAK EARLY — SUCKER TREES APT TO SUCKER AGAIN BY LAY- 

 ERS : A NATURAL METHOD — HOW PERFORMED — THE RASPBERRY 

 AND THE ORAI'E — ILLUSTRATIONS OF NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL 

 METHODS — QUINCE STOCKS — ADJUVANTS TO LAYERING, NOTCHING, 



ETC BY SEEDS: HOW IT DIFFERS FROM THE OTIIIiRS — APPLE 



SEEDLINGS — THEIR TREATMENT, SEPARATING, AND PREPARING THE 

 SEED — APPARATUS — SPROUTING — SOWING — CULTIVATION — SEED- 

 LINGS — TREATMENT — SORTING — PACKING. 



All propagation of plants must ilepend lipon tlie devel- 

 opment of seeds or of buds, and all Avill arise from the 

 growth and extension" of cells. The seed and tlie bud are 

 mucli more nearly related than a casual observer would at 



