CHAPTER lY. 



DWARFING. 



DEFINITIOIl at — OUtBUIS — EABLT FBUITAOE — DEFINITION OF TBBK8 



— DWAlwMWcr STOCB.S — OTHER MEANS OF DWARFING — DWABFa AND 

 STANDAkBS — FTKAMIDS OK CONIC AL — ESPAilEBS — LAYING BARE 

 THE MAI« »OOTS IN StTMMEE, TO DQIINISH THE VIGOR OF THE 

 TREES — KEMOVING A PORTION OF THEM — ROOT-PRUNING — TEANS- 

 PLANTING — EUROPEAN ESPALIERS AND WALL FRUITS — DU BEEUIL'S 

 CORDONS — CBOWDING, AS A MEANS OF DWABFING — PINCHING, 

 TWISTING, AND FBACTUBE — FIELD'S PEAR HEDGES — OUB CLIMATE 

 DOES NOT BEOUIBE THESE MEANS OF TOBTUBE — FAOILITT OF PRO- 

 TECTION MAY KENDBB THEM DESIRABLE — GENERAL INTBODUCTION 

 OP QUINCE-DWARFED PEABS IN THIS OOUNTBT — MANY FAILURES 



— SUCCESS DEPENDS UPON CABE — FRENCH SUCCESS — CHINESE — 

 UNCONGENIAL STOCKS — IMPERFECT UNION — PINCHING — HIGHEST 

 PERFECTION OF THE ABT OF HOBTICULTUBB — EQUALIZE THE FLOW 

 OF SAP — NATURALLY FLOWS TO HIOHEB PABTS AT EXPENSE OF 

 LOWER, MAY BE BEOULATED BY TBIMMINO — BY DISBUDDING — 

 BENDING DOWN — PINCHING THE STBONGEB, AND ENCOUBAGINQ THE 

 WEAKEB — ILLUBTBATION IN THE STBAWBEBBY — DWABFING THE 

 APPLE — PARADISE SIOCK — THE DOUCIN ; UNFIT FOE OBCHAEDS — 

 BOOT-PBUNING — HOW IT OPERATES — TIME TO BEGIN — HOW TO 

 BE PUBSUED — SEASON FOB — EXPENSE — BOOT-PBUNING PLOW. 



DwAEFiNG consists in so controlling the growth of 

 plants as to reduce the natural size of any of our fruit 

 trees, and bring them within comparatively narrow 

 bounds. The objects of dwarfing are to enable us to plant 



