DISEASES. 179 



of this disease to the vaccination in the human subject, 

 except that tlie scab does not separate and fall oflF. Heuce 

 ■ he suggested the name of pock, instead of Bitter Hot. 

 High culture, manure, lime, trimming, and pasturing hogs 

 in the orchard, have all been recommended as remedies. 



Ceacked Fruit — Mildew. — Certain fruits become par- 

 tially covered with what appears to be a fungous growth, 

 which occupies the skin in such a manner as to prevent the 

 development of the succulent tissues beneath it. This may- 

 result in a deformity consequent upon the irregular growth, 

 and the fruit is called scabby, or it may strike deeper into 

 the tissues, which become dry and corky and crack open, 

 being thus utterly worthless. Some varieties, which former- 

 ly produced the most beautiful fruits, have been so severely 

 affected by this malady as to yield absolutely nothing in 

 certain localities, and are only rendered profitable by top 

 grafting with other sorts that are not affected with the 

 cracking. That this is not caused by the wearing out of 

 the variety, as has been suggested, it may be added that 

 the same fruit ripens pei-fectly and is quite fair in other re- 

 gions of the country. The trouble, however, is extend- 

 ing, and it is hardly safe to plant largely of those varieties 

 that have proved subject to the malady. No explanation 

 has been satisfactory as to the cause, nor has any treat- 

 ment been successful. 



Dr. Kirtland addressed the Ohio Pomological Society 

 upon thifi subject, and an abstract of his remarks is here 

 given : — 



"The disease known as the blight or the fire-blight, is at 

 this day proving the most serious obstacle to the success- 

 ful cultivation of the pear, in many sections of the coun- 



