CHAPTER VII. 



PREPAEATION OF THE SOIL FOR 

 AN ORCHARD. 



DBAmiGG — ITS ADVANTAGES — StTHFAOE DRAINS — MADE WITH THE 

 PLOW — MAT BE FOLLOWED BT TILES, OR MOLE PLOW — THOROUGH 

 PLOWING — TRESCHING — TRENCH-PLOWING — SUBSOIL PLOWING — 

 MANURING NOT OFTEN NEEDED IN A NEW COUNTRY — CHARACTER 

 OF MANURES — LIME, ALKALIES — CLOVER — HOW CLOVER ACTS — 

 EXHAUSTED FIELDS TO BE IMPROVED BEFORE PLANTING — DIOGINfi 

 THE HOLES — DONE WITH THE PLOW — STAKES — THEIR FUNCTION 

 AND OBJECTS — NOT TO TIE TO — HOW TO TIE A TREE WHEN NEC- 

 ESSARY — PLANTING — PREPARING THE TREES — TRIMMING, STANCH- 

 ES AND ROOTS — PUDDLING — SET TO THE NORTH OF THE STAKES 

 — DEPTH TO PLANT — LEANING TREES TO THE SOUTHWEST — SEASON 

 FOR PLANTING — FALL OB SPRING BANKING UP AFTER FALL PLANT- 

 ING — MULOHINO, ITS OBJECTS — MATERIAL TO BE USED — OLOVBB 

 MULCH. 



The more thoroughly the preparation of the soil, the 

 greater will be the success o# the orchardist. Good re- 

 sults, fair crjps amply remunerating all outlay, often fol- 

 low the most careless or almost accidental orchard plant- 

 ing ; but trees that are properly set, in well-prepared laud, 

 213 



