356 AMEEIOAN POMOLOGY. 



snlcate or furrowed, fig. 42, when marked by sulcations ; 

 or ribbed, fig. 43, when the intervening ridges are abrupt. 



Fig. 42.— SULCATE. Fig. 43.— ribbed. 



ffeart-aJiaped is a form that applies more especially to the 

 cheiTy, than any other kind of fruit. 



Size is a character of but second rate importance, since 

 it is dependent upon the varying conditions of soil, cli- 

 mate, overbearing, etc. It has its value, however, when 

 it is considered as comparative or relative. The»expres- 

 sions employed in this work to indicate size, are : very 

 large, large, medium, small, very small, making five 

 grades. 



The characters of the Skin and sui-face are generally 

 very reliable, though the smoothness of the skin as well 

 as the coloring depend upon both soil and climate. We 

 find, however, that a striped apple which has been shaded, 

 though pale, will always betray itself by a splash or 

 stripe, be it ever so small or rare, nor will any exposure 

 so deepen and exaggerate its stripes as to make it a self' 

 colored fruit ; and no circumstances will introduce a true 

 stripe upon a self-colored variety. Hence we may con- 



