Insects in the Garden 337 
and use of white hellebore. What cautions should the gardener 
take in using these three poisons ? 
How do cutworms injure plants? What are the three most im- 
portant methods of fighting them? Howis poison bran mash made? 
In what stage is the striped cucumber beetle most injurious to 
crops? What are the five most important ways of controlling it? 
How do the sucking insects feed? How does this method 
of feeding injure the plant? How are they most easily destroyed? 
How do aphids feed? What is “Black Leaf 40”? How is 
nicotine sulfate prepared? How is kerosene emulsion prepared ? 
Describe the proper way of spraying to kill aphids. Give, briefly, 
the life history of the common squash bug. What are the two 
most effective ways of controlling it? How does the calico-back 
cabbage bug injure the plants? What three methods are used 
in combating it? 
Where do the burrowing insects live? What, in general, are 
the most effective miethods of controlling them? Describe the 
main events in the life history of the radish maggot. What are 
the five best methods of combating this insect? Describe the 
appearance and activities of the squash borer. What methods 
may be used to keep it in check? What should be done if the 
European corn borer is found in your garden? 
Things to Do and Observe 
1. To become familiar with the four stages in the life history of 
an insect. Watch your cabbage plants for the appearance of the 
cabbage butterfly. When you see one hovering over the plants, try 
to find the egg after the butterfly has gone. Examine it carefully, 
with a hand lens if possible, so that you may be able to recognize 
others as soon as you sec them. Watch the larve and try to 
determine how long it takes to grow from the egg to the pupal 
stage. When you have found a chrysalid, carefully remove it 
without crushing and place it in a small box covered with netting 
or cheesecloth. Look at it from time to time until the adult 
butterfly emerges. Note whether the butterfly is male or female. 
In the same way try to recognize the four stages of as many 
other garden insects as possible. In some cases you may not be 
able to find all four stages. Become thoroughly familiar, however, 
with those you do find; and note particularly in which stage each 
insect is most destructive. 
