490 Influenza 



into their brains, at the same time trephining control animals, into 

 some of whose brains he injected water. The animals receiving 

 0.5 to I mg. of the living culture died in twenty-four hours with all 

 the nervous symptoms of the disease, dyspnea, paralysis beginning 

 in the posterior extremities and extending over the whole body, 

 clonic convulsions, stiffness of the neck, etc. Control animals in- 

 jected in the same manner with water, and with a variety of other 

 pathogenic bacteria never manifested similar symptoms. The viru- 

 lence of the bacillus increased rapidly when transplanted from 

 brain to brain. 



Diagnosis of Influenza. — Wynekoop* employs for diagnosticating 

 influenza and isolating the bacillus, a culture outfit similar to that 

 used for diphtheria diagnosis, except that the serum contains more 

 hemoglobin. The swab is used to secure secretions from the pharynx 

 and tonsfls, and from the bronchial secretions of patients with 

 . influenza, then rubbed over the blood-serum. In many such 

 cultures minute colonies corresponding to those of the influenza 

 bacillus were found. Those most isolated were picked up -with a 

 wire and transplanted to bouillon, from which fresh blood-serum 

 was inoculated and pure cultures secured. 



Carbol-fuchsin was found most useful for staining the bacilli. 

 Wynekoop observed thaj: influenza and diphtheria bacilli sometimes 

 coexists in the throat, and that influenza bacilH are present in the sore 

 eyes of those in the midst of household epidemics of influenza. 



THE PSEUDO-INFLUENZA BACILLUS 



Pfeifferf has also described a pseudo-influenza bacillus — a small, non-motile, 

 non-flagellated, non-sporogenous, Gram-negative baciUus — that he found in 

 certain cases of broncho-pneumonia in children. It differed from the influenza 

 bacillus by a slightly greater size, a tendency to grow in chains, and to undergo 

 involution. Martha WollsteinJ believes that they are influenza bacilli. 



* "Bureau and Division Reports," Department of Health, city of Chicago, 

 Jan., 1899. 



t "Zeitschrift fiir Hygiene," etc., 1892, xiii. 

 t "Jour. Exp. Med.," 1906, vni. 



