Specific Therapy 



643 



previous one by Chantemesse and Widal, and has recently been 

 abundantly confirmed. 



The immunization of dogs and goats by the introduction of 

 inaeasing dbses of virulent cultures has been achieved by Pfeiffer 

 and KoUe* and by LofHer and Abel.f From these animals immune 

 serums were secured. 



Walgert reported 4 cases treated successfully with a serum ob- 

 tained from convalescent patients. Ten cubic centimeters were 

 given at a dose, and the injection was repeated in i case with relapse. 



Rumpf§ and Kraus and Buswell|| report a number of cases of 

 typhoid favorably influenced by hypodermic injections of small doses 

 of steriHzed cultures of Bacillus pyocyaneus. 



Fig. 258.- 



-Typhoid bacilli, unaggluti- 

 nated (Jordan). 



Fig. 259. — Typhoid bacilli, showing 

 typical clumping by typhoid serum 

 (Jordan). 



Jez** beUeves that the antitoxic principle in typhoid fever is con- 

 tained in some of the internal organs instead of the blood, and claims 

 to have obtained remarkable results in 18 cases treated with extracts 

 of the bone-marrow, spleen, and thymus of rabbits previously in- 

 jected with the typhoid bacillus. 



Chantemesse, ft Pope,tt and Steele§§ have all used serums from 

 animals immunized against typhoid cultures for the treatment of 

 typhoid fever, with more or less success, but an analysis of the results 

 shows them to be very inconclusive. 



The serum prepared by Macfadyen,|||| by crushing cultures 

 frozen with liquid air and injecting animals with the thus liberated 

 intracellular toxin, seems to be no improvement upon others. 



* "CentralbL f. Bakt. u. Parasitenk.," Jan. 23, 1896, Bd. xix, No. 23, p. 51. 



t Ibid., 1896. 



i "Miinchener me.d. Wochenschrift," Sept. 27, 1898. 



§ "Deutsche med. Wochenschrift," 1893, No. 41. 



II "Wiener klin. Wochenschrift," July 12, 1894. 

 ** "Med. moderne," March 25, 1899. 

 tf'Gaz. des H6pitaux," 1898, lxxi, p. 397. 

 H "Brit. Med. Jour.," 1897, i, 259. 

 §§Ibid., April 17, 1897. 

 nil "Bnt. Med. Jour.," April 3, 1903. 



