PLEURONECTID^. 21 



Genus V — Arnoqlossus, Bleeher. 



Branchiostegals six or seven : pseudohranchice present. Eyes on the left side. 

 Chfl of mouth deep. Teeth small and one or two rows in both jaws : present or 

 absent from the vomer : none on the palatines. Gill-membranes broadly united below 

 the throat : gill-ralcers fine. Dorsal fin commences on the snout and is not conjoined 

 to the caudal. Preanal spines may be present. Scales of moderate size and 

 deciduous. Lateral-line with a curve in the first portion of its course. 



Geographical distribution. — From tke seas of northern Europe, through the 

 Mediterranean and the East Indian archipelago. 



1. Arnoglossus megastoma, Plate XCVIII. 



Passer Gornubiensis, Jago in Ray, Syn. Pise. p. 163, f. 2. Whiff, Pennant, 

 Brit. Zool. (ed, 1776) iii, p. 238 (ed. 1812) iii, p. 324, pi. Hi. Pleuronectes, sp. 

 30, Walb. Art. iii, p. 120. Carter, Couch, Trans. Linn. Soc. xiv, p. 78. 



Rhombus cardina, -pt. Guv. Regno Anim. 



Pleuronectes megastoma, Donovan, Brit. Fish, iii, pi. li ; Turton, Brit. Fauna, 

 p. 97 ; Fleming, p. 196 ; Jenyns, p. 464 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837 (2) 

 i, p. 411 ; Thompson, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 81, and Nat. Hist. Ireland, iv, 

 p. 203 ; Tarrell, Brit. Fishes (Ed. 1) ii, p. 251, c. fig. (Ed. 2) ii, p. 342 (Ed. 3) i, 

 p. 654; Johnston, Berw. Nat. Field Club, 1838, i, p. 174; Bonap. Peso. Eur. 

 p. 47 ; Duben and Koren, Vet. Akad. Handl. 1844, p. 102 ; White, Catal. p. 104; 

 Schlegel, Dieren Neder. p. 165, pi. xv, f . 4 ; Moreau, Poiss. France, iii, p. 332. 



Plev/ronectes pseudopalus. Pennant, Brit. Zool. (ed. 1812) iii, p. 324, pi. Iii. 



Pleuronectes Boscii, Risso, Ich. Nice, p. 319, pi. vii, f. 33 ; Bonap. Faun. Ital. 

 c. fig. ; Canest. Arch. Zool. t. i, p. 19, pi. ii. f. 2 ; Moreau, Poiss. France, iii, 

 p. 330. 



JSippoglossus Boscii, Risso, Eur. Merid. iii, p. 246. 



Rhombus megastoma, Nilss. Skand. Fauna, iv, p. 641 ; Giinther, Catal. iv, 

 p. 411 ; Malm, p. 516. 



Zeugopterus velivolans, Richards. Tarrell, Brit. Fish. (Ed. 3) i, p. 656 a. 

 Zeugopterns megastoma, Collett, Norges Fiske, p. 138. 



Arnoglossus boscii, Giinther, Catal. iv, p. 416. 



Zeugopterus Gottsche, Winther, Ich. Dan. Mar. p. 38. 



8ail-fluhe and Carter, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isles, iii, pp. 163, 167, pp. clxiii and 

 Cixiv. 



B. vii, D. 85-89 (91), P. 13, V. 6, A. 61-71 (75), C. 15, L.l. 104-110, Coec. pyl. 

 2, Vert. 11/30. 



Length of head 4, of caudal fin 5^, height of body 3 in the total length. 

 Eyes — on the left side, the lower nearly one-half in advance of the upper, diameter 

 1/4 of length of head, 1 diameter from the end of the snout, and only divided 

 by a very narrow and ridged interorbital space. Lower jaw prominent ; cleft of 

 mouth oblique ; the length of the maxilla equals nearly 1/2 the length of the 

 head. Teeth— ra. jaws rather small, and in about 2 rows ; some on vomer : none 

 on the palate. Fins — the dorsal fin commences in front of the upper eye, and 

 is continued to within a moderately short distance of the base of the caudal fin, 

 its longest rays being in the last third of the fin, most of them and also of 

 anal fin are branched. Pectoral half as long as the head, ventral not conjoined 

 to the anal, which latter fin terminates similarly to the dorsal. Caudal wedge- 

 shaped. Free portion of the tail as long as high at its base. Scales — strongly 

 ctenoid covering the head and hody, also a row along each fin ray. Lateral line 

 — with an almost semi-circular curve above the pectoral fin. No spine before the 

 anal fin. Gill-rakers closely set and about half as long as the diameter of the 

 eye. Colours — of a brownish yellow with obscure spots : under side white, some- 



