SCOMBRESOCID^. 151 



Genus II. — Scombresox, Lacepede. 

 Grammieonotus, Costa {Young). 



Oill-opening wide. Body elongated, compressed. Eyes lateral. Jaws prolonged 

 into a slender beaJc, the upper of which is formed by the premaxillaries. Minute 

 teeth m both jaws. Dorsal and anal fins opposite one another, consisting of few rays, 

 but with several detached fiulets posterior to each : caudal forked. Scales small and 

 deciduous. Pyloric appendages present. Air-bladder large. 



So far as is known these fishes appear to be exclusively marine, while the 

 young are said to be found dispersed all over the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. 



1. Scombresox saurus, Plate CXXVII, fig. 2. 



Saurus, Rondel, i, p. 232. Acus altera minor, Belon. Aquat. p. 163. 



Laoertus seu saurus, Willugh. p. 232. Skipper, Ray, Synopsis, p. 165; 

 Borlase, Cornwall, p. 271. Saury, Pennant, Brit. Zool. (Ed. 1776) iii, p. 325, 

 pi. Ixiv (Ed. 1812) iii, p. 430, pi. Isxv. 



Esox saurus, "Walb. Artedi, iii, p. 93 ; Bl. Schn. p. 394, t. Ixxviii, f. 2 ; Raokett, 

 Trans. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 60, t. v; Shaw, Zool. v, p. 114; Turton, Brit. Fauna, 

 p. 105 ; Neill, Wern. Mem. i, p. 541 ; Donovan, Brit. Fish, v, pi. cxvi. 



Scomberesox Gamperii, Lacep. v, p. 345, pi. vi, f . 3 ; Risso, Ich. Nice, p. 334, 

 and Eur. Merid. iii, p. 444 ; Cuv. and Val. xviii, p. 464, pi. 551 ; Kroyer, Dan. 

 Fisk. iii, p. 278, c. fig.; Yarrell, Brit. Fishes (ed. 3), i, p. 465, c. fig.; Nilss. 

 Skand. Fauna, Fish, iv, p. 358, and Ofv. Sven. Vet. Acad. Forh. 1864, p. 501. 



Scombresox saurus, Flem. Brit. An. p. 184; Yarrell, Brit. Fish. (ed. 1) i, p. 

 394, c. fig. (ed. 2) i, p. 446 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837 (2) i, p. 410 ; 

 Parnell, Wern. Mem. vii, p. 276 ; Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 297 ; White, Catal. p. 

 71 ; Thompson, Nat. Hist. Ireland, iv, p. 142 ; Beneden, Bull. Acad. Sc. Lett. Ac. 

 Belgium, 1865, xx p. 51 ; Giinther, Catal. vi, p. 257 ; CoUett, Norges Fiske, 

 p. 176; Malm, Fauna, p. 555; Winther, Prod. Ich. Dan. Mar. p. 46; Mcintosh, 

 Fish. St. Andrews, p. 181 ; Moreau, Poiss. France, iii, p. 475, f. 199. 



Belone saurus, Jenyns, Man. p. 419; Johnston, Berwick. Nat. Hist. Field 

 Club, 1838, i, p. 173. 



Scombresox rondeletii, Cuv. and Val. xviii, p. 472 ; Giinther, Catal. vi, p. 258 ; 

 Moreau, 1. c. p. 477. 



Scomberesox storei, De Kay, New York Fish. p. 229, pi. xxxv, f. 111. 



Sayris Gamperii, Canestrini, Fauna Ital. Peso. p. 131. 



Shipper, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isles, iv, p. 141, pi. ccviii, t. 3. 



(Young.) 



Scomberesox scutellatum, Leseur, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil, ii, 1821, p. 132. 

 Scombresox scutellatus, Cuv. and Val. xviii, p. 477. 



Grammieonotus bicolor, Costa, Ann. Mus. Zool. Univers. Nap. 1862, i, p. 55, t. 

 i, f . 4. 



B. xiii, D. 10-12 + v-vi, P. 12-13, V. 6, A. 12-13 + vi-vii, 0. 14. 



Length of head 3i to 3j, of caudal fin 9^, height of body IO3 in the total 

 length. Eyes — 2^ to 2j diameters in the length of the postorbital portion of the head, 

 4^ diameters from the end of the upper jaw, and 1 diameter apart. Jaws in the 

 adult curved slightly and gradually upwards, the upper being a little the shorter. 

 Posterior extremity of the maxilla not covered by the preorbital, it extends back- 

 wards to about 1 diameter of the eye anterior to the orbit. Preorbital large and 

 somewhat quadrangular in shape. Teeth — fine ones in the jaws ; none on the 

 vomer, palatines, or tongue. Fins — the dorsal commences slightly behind the 

 beginning of the last third of the total length, its anterior rays rather higher than 

 half that of the body below it, the finlets continued almost to the base of the 



