NATURAL AND CASUAL COW-POX. 321 



and on her lips. A vesico-pustule, when opened with a lancet, 

 discharged like an abscess. 



In a letter to Mr. Badcock, dated April 3rd, 1845, Ceely referred 

 to another new stock of lymph raised from a milker's hand. He 

 added : — 



" In the enclosed lymph I see nothing unusually severe, except 

 on very thin skins ; although the milker's hand exhibits now rough 

 ulcers, one on the hand deep enough to encase a bean." 



Recent discoveries of cow-pox in England. — After Ceely's cases in 

 1840-41, no cases of casual cow-pox on the hands of milkers were 

 recognised as such and recorded in this country for nearly fifty years. 

 In the outbreak of cow-pox discovered by the author in December 

 1887, in Wiltshire, the disease was communicated to nearly all the 

 milkers. The reader is referred to the account of this outbreak, 

 which has already been given in the chapter on scarlet fever (p. 274). 



The author's researches were confirmed by Mr. Forty in 1888, 

 and Mr. Bucknill in 1895. 



In June 1888 Mr. Forty, in practice at Wotton-under-Edge, 

 Gloucestershire, reported to the Local Government Board, that at 

 a farm at Alderley, an eruptive disease on the udder and teats was 

 occurring amongst cows, and that the farmer's son, and other persons 

 engaged as milkers, had contracted an eruption like that of the cows. 

 The farmer's son had been under Mr. Forty's care suffering from an 

 eruption, and circum-anal piles. Mr. Forty had watched the course of 

 the eruption from papules to vesicles and scabbing, and concluded 

 that the eruption could not be distinguished from vaccinia. Klein 

 visited the farm, and found a number of cows with sores on the teats 

 and udders. The sores were of various sizes and outline, mostly 

 irregular, and covered with brown or black scabs. Those on the 

 teats were larger and more irregular than those on the udder. 

 Klein was shown several milkers who had had sores on one or more 

 fingers ; one had had a bad arm with swollen axillary glands. 

 The farmer had also contracted the eruption ; but in these persons 

 only scabs were visible as the remnants of their sores. 



A girl of about twenty had taken the place of an incapacitated 

 milker, and noticed a red pimple form on the dorsal surface of her 

 right thumb. Eight days afterwards there was a slightly raised 

 circular vesicle, with dark centre and pale periphery ; the centre of the 

 vesicle was slightly depressed. It was just under half an inch in 

 diameter ; there was peripheral redness, but no marked areola. The 

 girl had three good vaccination marks. 



Klein experimented on calves with lymph from the vesicle and 



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