SWINE FEVER. 



349 



/ 



<iP 



Fig. 1.3S.- 



-B.iciLLUs 01'' Swine-Fever 

 No. 1. (Klein.) 



Budd first pointed out that this disease might be compared 

 to human typhoid, both diseases being attended by a peculiar 

 ulceration of the intestinal folhcles ; but the diseases are not to 

 be considered in any sense identical or interchangeable. 



Bacteria in Swine Fever. 

 — In 1877 Klein published a 

 research in a Report to the Local 

 Government Board, in which 

 he claimed to have discovered 

 bacilli characteristic of the 

 disease. They were described as 

 similar to Bacillus subtilis, or 

 Bacillus anthracis, but smaller 

 in size. These bacilli developed 

 into long leptothrix filaments, and formed spores. It was further 

 asserted that on inoculation, cultures produced lesions indicative of 

 swine fever ; the bacilli were also pathogenic in mice and rabbits. 



Later this bacillus was re- 

 nounced in favour of another. 

 In the following year Det- 

 mers described a bacillus, but 

 subsequently renounced it in 

 favour of a micrococcus. 



In 1882 Pasteur maintained 

 that the virus of swine fever in 

 France (rouget) was a dumb-bell 

 micrococcus, which produced the 

 same effect in pigeons as the 

 microbe of fowl-cholera. Though 

 rouget or swine measles is probably a different disease, the occurrence 

 of this micro-organism is of interest in this connection. 



In 188.3 Klein again investigated swine fever, and discovered 

 Bacillus No. 2, and maintained 



that these bacilli were found in ■^'■^"'^ 



the blood, in the pieritoneal and ^ ^ ^ .="',,, ^ 



bronchial exudations ; and in the '* v.^ ==--.■. ^^ 



air vesicles of the lungs, in the '~^*' i== 



form of leptothrix filaments ten 

 or twenty times the length of 

 single rods. Cultivations were 

 made on solid media. The organisms in these cultures were minute 

 rods actively motile, occurring singly or forming chains, two or three 



Fig. 139. — Bacillus No. 2. Fitosi a 

 Pkepakatiok or Bronchial Muons 

 OF A Pig. (Klein.) 



Fig. 140.— Bacillus No. 2. From an 

 Artificial Culture. (Klein. ) 



